Natron - ka loko make loa ma Tanzania
ʻO Lake Natron kekahi o nā wahi kūlohelohe kaulana loa ma Tanzania. Kaulana ia no ka loaʻa ʻana o ka wai o ka loko i ʻulaʻula ʻulaʻula, a ʻo nā manu i lele ma luna o kēia wahi e lilo i pōhaku paʻakai. Ua ʻike ʻia e ka lehulehu ka noho ʻana o kahi loko iʻa mau: i kekahi mau makahiki i hala aku nei, ua paʻi ʻia nā kiʻi o Lake Natron ma Tanzania i loko o ka makasina Pelekane.
ʻIke laulā
ʻO Natron ka paʻakai paʻakai ʻoi loa a me ka nui o nā wai alkaline ʻaʻole wale ma East Africa, akā i ka honua, a me kona ʻano ʻulaʻula ʻulaʻula kahi paʻakai paʻapū e uhi ana i ka loko. Ma muli o nā hoʻololi o ke kaiapuni āpau e kū nei i ka honua, i ka wā e hiki mai ana aia kahi hoʻoweliweli nui e hoʻopilikia ʻia paha ke kaulike paʻakai i ka hui kū hoʻokahi o Natron. A hiki i kēia ke alakaʻi i ka luku ʻia o nā microorganism kūikawā e noho nei i ka waihona.
Aia ka loko ma kahi kokoke i ka palena ʻo Tanzanian me Kenya, a uhi ʻia kahi ma lalo o 1040 mau mika kūlike. I ka lōʻihi ʻaʻole ia i ʻoi aku ma mua o 57 km, a i ka laulā - ma kahi o 21 km. I nā mahina mahanahana, hiki i ka mahana o ka wai i loko o ka waihona wai ma mua o 50-60 ° C. ʻO 1.5 ka mika ka awelika hohonu o Natron, a ma nā wahi hohonu he 3 mika. ʻO ke kahawai wai o ka muliwai ʻo Evaso Ngiro, i hoʻomaka ʻia ma ka ʻākau o Kenya.
Flora a me nā holoholona
ʻO Lake Natron kahi home o 3 wale nō nā microorganism a ʻo ia kahi hānau o 75% o nā flamingos ma ka Honua. He wahi kūpono kēia no nā "keiki o ka napoʻo ʻana o ka lā" - ma muli o ka hoʻonui ʻia o ke kaulike paʻakai, hoʻāʻo ka poʻe mea ʻino a me nā manu ʻē aʻe e noho mamao aku mai ka loko. Ma ke ala, i mea e ʻike ai i nā flamingo ma Tanzania, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka lele ʻana i Natron i ke kauwela - ʻo kēia ka manawa hānau no nā manu.
I loko o ka loko ponoʻī, hoʻokahi wale nō ʻano iʻa i hiki ke ola - nā alkapiine telapias. Ma kahi o ka millennia, ua hoʻololi lākou i nā kūlana ʻoʻoleʻa a weliweli hoʻi, a i kēia lā ʻo Natron kahi wale nō o ka honua kahi e noho nei kēia ʻano.
Ma muli o kona ʻano mea ola ʻokoʻa, ua hoʻokomo ʻia ka loko i loko o ka papa inoa o nā wahi kūikawā e like me nā hopena o ka Ramsar Convention a ua hoʻohui ʻia i ka East Africa World Wildlife Fund.
I kēia lā, kūʻē nā ʻepekema mai nā wahi a puni o ka honua i ke kūkulu ʻana i kahi mea kanu no ka hana ʻana a me ka unuhi ʻana o ka potash (i ka wā e hiki mai ana, hana ʻia ka pauka holoi ʻia mai ia wahi) kokoke i ka loko - ʻo ia kahi kaiāulu maikaʻi ʻole e hiki ai ke hoʻopilikia i ke kaulike paʻakai i loko o ka waihona wai a me ka nalowale ʻana o nā flamingos liʻiliʻi ma ʻApelika. Eia nō naʻe, he ʻokoʻa ʻokoʻa ko ka lāhui ʻōiwi o Tanzania: hiki i ka hale hana ke hāʻawi i ka hale a me ka hana no ka mea ʻoi aku ma mua o ka 1000 poʻe.
Ma ke ala, ʻo ka poʻe e noho ana i kēia mau wahi wale nō ka poʻe lunamakaʻāinana o ka ʻohana Salei kahiko. Manaʻo lākou he loko iʻa ke ʻano o ka mana akua, a holoholo lākou i ko lākou ola āpau ma ke kahakai o kahi waihona paʻakai.
No laila, ʻoiai ʻo ka ʻoiaʻiʻo ua kāpae ʻia ke kūkulu ʻana i nā mea kanu, aia nō kahi ʻōlelo hoʻoweliweli o ka nalo ʻana o ka ʻāpana paʻakai o ka loko. Ma muli paha o ka hoʻonui ʻia o nā mea hāʻawi a me ka hiki ke kūkulu ʻia o kahi mana uila hou ma Lake Ewaso Ngiro.
Kupaianaha Lake
No nā ʻepekema he nui, he mea pohihihi nō ʻo Natron ma Tanzania. A inā maopopo ka mea āpau me ke kala (ma muli o ka nui o nā paʻakai, hoʻokumu ʻia kahi ʻulaʻula ʻulaʻula), a laila ʻaʻole hiki i nā mea āpau ke wehewehe i kahi hanana ʻē aʻe (Lilo ʻo Natron i mau holoholona i mau pōhaku).
Ua lilo ka hale kupapaʻu manu i mea mahalo ʻia e ka mea paʻi kiʻi kūlohelohe ʻo Nick Brandt, nāna i hoʻopuka mua i nā kiʻi o nā manu paʻahau i loko o kāna makasina "On the Ruined Earth". I ka manawa mua, ua hoʻopiʻi ʻia ʻo ia ma ke ʻano he paʻi kiʻi paʻi ʻia, akā ma hope o kekahi manawa ua hoʻokūpaʻa mau ka poʻe noiʻi i ka ʻoiaʻiʻo o kēia mau kiʻi. Ma hope o kēlā, hoʻomaka koke nā kiʻi o Lake Natron e hoʻolaha, a ua lilo ʻo Tanzania i wahi huakaʻi nui.
Hōʻike ka poʻe ʻepekema he nui i nā manu o nā manu pōhaku kokoke i Lake Natron ma Tanzania penei: ma muli o ke ʻano o ka mahana o ka wai ma kekahi mau wahi i ʻoi aku ma mua o 60 ° C, a he paʻakai loa ka wai a me kahi alkaline, ʻo nā manu, ke komo i loko o ka loko, ʻaʻole e palaho, akā e paʻa mau loa. ...
ʻO ka mea wale nō i loaʻa ʻole i ka poʻe biologists kahi wehewehe no ke kumu e lele ai nā manu i loko o ka wai. ʻO ka mana kaulana loa: ma muli o ka hoʻonui ʻia o ka noʻonoʻo, nalowale nā manu i kā lākou kūmole, a, kuhi hewa i ka wai no ka lani, lele i lalo me ka wikiwiki. ʻOiai aia kekahi mau manaʻo ʻē aʻe: no ka laʻana, manaʻo kekahi poʻe noiʻi ua make nā manu āpau i kahi make kūlohelohe, a ua uhi ʻia me ka paʻakai ma hope o kēlā. Eia nō naʻe, ʻo ka mea paʻi kiʻi ʻo Nick Brandt, ka mea i kipa aku i kēia mau wahi ma mua o hoʻokahi manawa, hōʻole i kēia manaʻo.
Akā e like paha ia, weliweli ka make kai ʻo Natron no ka poʻe: ma aneʻi ʻaʻole ʻoe e ʻauʻau wale, akā e hoʻopā i ka wai, no ka mea hiki ke ʻā wale ʻoe. Eia hou, ʻaʻole maopopo piha ka hopena o ka wai alkaline wela i ke kino o ke kanaka - ʻaʻole wikiwiki nā ʻepekema me nā hoʻokolohua a me nā hopena.
Kaukaʻi ʻia i ke kau, ʻano ʻokoʻa paha ke ʻano ʻo Lake Natron: i ke kauwela e hoʻomaloʻo ia, a ʻo ka ʻāina, kahi o ka wai ma mua, ua uhi ʻia me nā māwae nui me ka paʻakai. Hoʻomaka ka ua kau ma kēia ʻāpana o Tanzania i ʻAukake - Kepakemapa a i Kekemapa. Hoʻololi ke kala o ka wai ma muli o ka bacteria i hoʻoheheʻe ʻia i loko o kekahi mau mahina o ka makahiki.
Pehea e kiʻi ai i ka loko mai Arusha
ʻO ke kūlanakauhale kokoke loa ma Tanzania, ʻo Arusha, aia ma 240 km mai ka loko. Hiki iā ʻoe ke kiʻi mai ia wahi i kahi ʻano hoihoi e nā kaʻa ʻōhua kūloko, kahi e hala ai ʻehā a me ka hapalua hola. ʻAʻohe o nā kaʻaahi i kēia mau ʻāpana, no ka mea ʻaʻohe huakaʻi kaʻawale i ka loko. Eia nō naʻe, hiki iā ʻoe ke kūʻai i kahi huakaʻi i ka lua pele ʻo Ol-Doinyo-Lengai, kahi e kipa pū ai me Natrona. Nui nā kahua hoʻomoana ma ka wāwae o ka lua pele.
Hoʻohālikelike i nā kumukūʻai noho me ka hoʻohana ʻana i kēia palapala
Hiki iā ʻoe ke hele i Arusha mai: Kenyan Nairobi (4 hola), Dodom (6 hola) ma Tanzania a me Dar es Salaam (ke ala - 9 mau hola). Aia ke kahua mokulele kokoke ma 50 km mai Arusha.
He paʻakikī a pipiʻi hoʻi ke kiʻi ʻana iā Arusha a ma ʻō aku, a pono e noʻonoʻo ʻia kēia i ka hoʻolālā ʻana i kahi huakaʻi. Akā, e like me ka ʻōlelo a nā poʻe mākaʻikaʻi, he kū hoʻokahi ʻo Lake Natron a he mea ʻokoʻa ka waiwai o ke kālā a me ka hana i lilo.