ʻO nā lula mālama ʻōmaʻomaʻo ʻōmaʻomaʻo: pehea e ulu ai i pua i loko o ka ipuhao ma ka home?
ʻO ka ʻike mua ʻia ma ʻEulopa ma kahi o 400 mau makahiki i hala aku nei, ua pīhoihoi koke ka orchid i nā mea kanu pua me kona nani exotic. ʻAʻole i noʻonoʻo koke nā amateurs a me nā māla ʻike i ka mālama ʻana i kahi mea kanu maʻamau.
Akā i ka hala ʻana o ka manawa, ʻaʻa wale nā orchids ʻaʻole wale i nā greenhouse, akā ma nā puka aniani o ka puka aniani. Nui a hewahewa ke ʻano o kēia pua tropical. I kēia lā e aʻo ʻoe e pili ana i ka orchid ʻōmaʻomaʻo maʻamau.
E haʻi mākou iā ʻoe e pili ana i nā hiʻohiʻona o kēia pua, kona ʻano, nā lula o ka mālama, ke ʻano o ka hana hou ʻana i kēia ʻatikala. Hiki iā ʻoe ke nānā i kahi wikiō pono e pili ana i kēia kumuhana.
He aha kēia mau pua?
OLELO HOOLAHA: ʻO Orchid kahi pua mauʻu mauʻu, emi iki i kahi nahele a i ʻole liana e ulu ana i nā aniani wela a mehana paha. Aia ma kahi o 35 tausani mau ʻano o kēia mau pua i ka honua me kahi ʻala ʻoluʻolu o nā ʻano like ʻole a me nā aka.
ʻO ka laulā o ka orchid ākea ākea - mai kekahi mau kenimika a 35 mika i ke kiʻekiʻe. ʻO ka hapa nui o nā orchids he epiphytes e ulu ana ma luna o nā kumulāʻau, akā aia kekahi mau ʻano terrestrial.
ʻOkoʻa ka helehelena o ka mea kanu - hiki i ke kumu ʻōmaʻomaʻo ke pōkole, lōʻihi, kū a kolo paha. He maʻalahi nā lau, ʻokoʻa. Hiki i kahi mea kanu ke loaʻa i hoʻokahi a i ʻole mau lau ʻili, kihi a palupalu paha. Akā ʻo ka hoʻonaninani nui o ka orchid nā pua o nā kala like ʻole: ʻalani, melemele, ʻōmaʻomaʻo, ʻeleʻele, keʻokeʻo, lilac. Aia nā pua i ke ʻano o nā rana, nā moʻo, nā nūnū a me nā puaʻa, nā peʻe, nā pi, nā nalo a me nā mu.
Nā ʻano
ʻO ka ʻōmaʻomaʻo kahi aka ʻokoʻa no nā pua, ʻaneʻane ʻaʻole i loaʻa i ke kūlohelohe. Hiki i nā Orchids o nā ʻano aʻe ke ʻōmaʻomaʻo:
- Ma waena o nā phalaenopsis, aia kekahi mau ʻano kokoke i ka ʻōmaʻomaʻo: ʻo Amalfi a me Bellina o kahi waihoʻoluʻu melemele-ʻōmaʻomaʻo me ka lehelehe poni, ʻōmaʻomaʻo ʻo Violacea alba, Sunrise Goldmour me nā lau ʻōmaʻomaʻo mānoanoa.
- Paphiopedilum law Lawrenceanum a i ʻole Venus Slipper me nā uaua keʻokeʻo a me nā ʻōmaʻomaʻo.
- ʻO Delicious Green Bowring Cattleya a me Luteous Forb me nā petal ʻōmaʻomaʻo māmā.
- ʻO Cymbodium Sessa Green Beauty mai kēia papa inoa ka ʻōmaʻomaʻo ʻōmaʻomaʻo, momona.
He kiʻi
ʻO nā ʻōmaʻomaʻo ʻōmaʻomaʻo a me nā ʻōmaʻomaʻo ʻōmaʻomaʻo ke ʻano ʻokoʻa.... E nānā i kā lākou mau kiʻi:
"Violacea alba"
ʻO Cattleya Bowring
"Luteous Forb"
"Cymbodium Sessa ʻO Green Beauty"
Mōʻaukala hānau
Ua nalowale nā orchids mua i lawe ʻia i ʻEulopa - a laila ʻaʻole ʻike ka māla i ka mālama ʻana iā lākou. Akā mai ka waenakonu o ke kenekulia 19, ua hoʻonui ka noi no nā pua a hoʻomaka ka liʻiliʻi o nā mea i lawe ʻia mai. A laila ʻaʻole lākou i ʻike pehea e ulu ai i kahi orchid mai nā ʻanoʻano - ʻaʻole i pollination ʻia nā pua ponoʻī, a ʻaʻole ʻae ʻia nā mea kolo kokoke iā lākou.
A laila ua hoʻokumu ʻia ke ʻano o ka hoʻoulu ʻana i nā hybrids e ke ʻano o ka pollination keʻa - i kēia ala e hiki ai iā ʻoe ke kaohi maikaʻi i nā ʻano hoʻoilina. I kēia lā, ma o nā hana a nā haneli haneli a puni ka honua, ma ka liʻiliʻi he 15 tausani mau ʻano hybrid i hānai ʻia, ʻike ʻia e ko lākou helehelena maikaʻi a me ke kala - polū, poni, ʻōmaʻomaʻo a me nā mea ʻē aʻe.
Ke ulu nei i loko o ka ipu hao
Pono e mālama pono ʻia ka orchid, nona nā ʻano kumu penei:
- E hoʻomaʻamaʻa pono i ka mea kanu - ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka hoʻopiha ʻana ma mua o ka hoʻonui ʻana... Pono e mahana ka wai, kānana, akā ʻaʻole i hoʻolapalapa ʻia. ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi i ka wai ma hope o ka maloʻo loa o ka lepo.
- Pono ka orchid e loaʻa ka lawa o ke kukui, akā ʻaʻole hiki iā ʻoe ke hōʻike iā ia e kuhikuhi i ka lā - i ke awakea pono e hoʻomalu. No ka cymbadium, koho i kahi hikina, komohana, a i ʻole komohana hema.
Mea nui: Ke ikaika loa ke kukui, nalowale nā pua a me nā lau i ko lākou ʻōmaʻomaʻo ʻōmaʻomaʻo a melemele.
- ʻO Orchids - nā pua aloha wela... ʻO Cymbadium, ʻokoʻa i nā ʻano ʻē aʻe, ʻae maikaʻi i nā mahana wela - a i 35-38 ℃, akā i ka pō e hāʻule ka mahana e 8-15 ℃. I ke kauwela a me ka hoʻoilo, ʻaʻole e piʻi ka mahana i kahi lumi me kahi pua ma luna o 18 ℃.
- He mea nui ka mānoanoa o ka lumi... ʻAʻole koi kahi ʻōmaʻomaʻo ʻōmaʻomaʻo i ka kiʻekiʻe o ka wai - 25-30% ka lawa, i kekahi manawa hiki ke hāpai ʻia i 35-40%. ʻAe ʻae ʻia ka hoʻohaʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa - alakaʻi ke ea maloʻo i ka mea kanu i ka make.
Nā ʻaʻahu kiʻekiʻe
ʻO ka hānai pololei ʻana o nā phalaenopsis ʻōmaʻomaʻo i nā wā o ka ulu ʻana o nā wana hou, ʻaʻole ʻoi aku i hoʻokahi manawa i kēlā me kēia 3 mau pule. No kēia, hana ʻia nā hāʻina kūikawā no ka hoʻoulu ʻana i ke aʻa.
Hiki iā ʻoe ke kāpīpī i nā lau o ka pua me kahi hopena kūikawā. I nā wā o ka hiamoe a me ka pua ʻana, pāpā ʻia ka hānai ʻana..
Mai hoʻonui nui iā ia me ka noʻonoʻo o ka hopena, a i ʻole e lilo ka substrate i paʻakai. Eia kekahi, mai hoʻohana i nā mea momona o nā kala ʻē aʻe no nā orchids. I ka hale kūʻai hiki iā ʻoe ke kūʻai i nā momona momona: Kornevin, Royal Mix a me "World of Flowers" mai Rostagro.
E nānā i kahi wikiō e pili ana i ka pono pono o nā orchids:
Hoʻolilo
ʻO kahi orchid ʻōmaʻomaʻo, e like me nā mea ʻē aʻe, pono e līlū pono.... ʻAʻole pono e hana ʻia kēia ma mua o hoʻokahi manawa i kēlā me kēia mau makahiki ʻelua, inā ʻaʻohe hōʻailona kūikawā no kēia - nā maʻi aʻa, nā hemahema substrate. Hiki mai ka manawa ʻoi loa ke hiki i nā pua hou i 5 cm ka lōʻihi. ʻO ke kaʻina transplant ponoʻī - ka hoʻokuʻu ʻana o phalaenopsis mai ka substrate kahiko, ka nānā ʻana a me ke ʻoki ʻana o nā aʻa, ke kanu nei i ka lepo hou. Ma hope o ke kanu ʻana, kau i ka orchid ʻōmaʻomaʻo i kahi malu.
E nānā i kahi wikiō e pili ana i ke kuʻi orchid pololei:
Hoʻopiʻi hou
Ma ka home, hānau hou ka orchid ʻōmaʻomaʻo i ka mea kanu. E hana i kēia, mahele ʻia kahi ulu lāʻau nui i nā ʻāpana, a ʻo kēlā me kēia mea pono e loaʻa ma kahi o ʻekolu mau pseudobulbs. ʻO nā pseudobulbs kahiko me ka ʻole o nā lau i kūpono no ka hana hou ʻana, i hoʻokaʻawale ʻia a germ germ ka ʻokoʻa. Lawe ʻia kēia i kahi mahana o 20-28 ℃ me ka pīpī maʻamau a ʻike ʻia nā ʻōpuʻu. Ma hope o kēlā, kanu ʻia ka mea kanu i kahi ipuhao kaʻawale.
Manaʻo kōkua: ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi no nā mea ulu ʻike ʻole e komo i ka pua pua ʻana, ʻoiai hiki iā ʻoe ke hōʻino i ka orchid i hiki ʻole ke hoʻoponopono hou ʻia.
E nānā i kahi wikiō e pili ana i ka hana hou ʻana (rejuvenation) o kahi orchid e ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana i kahi nahele:
Nā mea make a me nā maʻi
Hiki i nā maʻi kūlohelohe ʻole ke alakaʻi i ka hōʻino a me ka make ʻana o nā orchids.i hoʻokumu ʻia e ia mau mea:
- puhi ka lau ma muli o ka lā pololei;
- ka mahu ʻana i ka hale kōmaʻomaʻo i ka wela kiʻekiʻe;
- overheating a hypothermia paha ma mua o 10 mau hola;
- ka ʻole o ke kukui, kahi e hoʻēmi ai i ka pale o ka pua;
- alakaʻi ʻoi aku ka nui a hemahema paha o nā minelala i ka likelika o nā orchids e lilo i maʻi a hoʻōki i ka pua ʻana.
ʻO nā hopena o kēia mau pilikia āpau hiki ke lilo i maʻi maʻi - fungi, bacteria a me nā virus.
ʻO nā mea ʻino maʻamau o nā orchids: nā mea kolo pālākiō, mealybugs, aphids, thrips, nā ʻupena pālahalaha ʻulaʻula, nā ʻelepele keʻokeʻo, nā ʻupena punawelewele. Aia nā insecticides kūikawā kūʻē i kēlā me kēia o lākou, pono e hoʻopili ʻia ma hope o nā ʻōkuhi i kuhikuhi ʻia ma luna o lākou.
Panina hopena
ʻO ka orchid kahi mea kanu exotic i loko ona iho, a ʻo ka ʻōmaʻomaʻo i waena o lākou e like me ka momi i waena o nā ʻiliʻili. ʻAʻole ʻike maka ʻole ʻia ka mea maʻamau, ʻano ʻē, nani, ʻōmaʻomaʻo... Mālama maikaʻi i kāu mea kanu a hiki iā ʻoe ke mahalo i kona nani no nā makahiki he nui.