Pane mākou i ka nīnau kaulana: hiki ke kanu i kahi orchid i ka lepo maʻamau?
I kēia lā, ʻo ka ʻoiaʻiʻo ʻaʻole e ulu nā orchids i ka honua ua lilo i ʻike maʻamau. Akā ma nā kolamu o nā mea kanu pua, ʻike ʻia ka ʻike i kēlā me kēia manawa e "ulu a pua kaʻu orchid i ka lepo a maikaʻi ka manaʻo." No laila ʻo wai ka mea kūpono, a he hiki nō paha ke hoʻoulu i kēia mea kanu kupaianaha i ka lepo maʻamau?
Mai ka ʻatikala e ʻike ai inā hiki i nā orchids ke ulu i ka lepo maʻamau, ʻo nā ʻano hea kūpono no kēia, pehea ka maikaʻi e hoʻoili ai i ka pua i ka honua.
ʻAe ʻia ka iho ʻana?
Ke kamaʻilio e pili ana i nā orchids a me kā lākou kanu ʻana i ka honua, pono ʻoe i ka mea mua e hoʻoholo i ke ʻano o ka orchid. Hiki iā lākou ke hoʻokaʻawale ʻia i ʻekolu mau hui nui:
- Epiphytes - ʻaʻole pono ka ʻāina, akā ulu ma nā kumu lāʻau. Kūlike ʻole i ka manaʻo nui, ʻaʻole nā parasite epiphytic i parasites, lawe lākou i ka wai a me nā mea momona kūpono mai ka lewa a me ka wai ua.
- Nā lopita - ulu i nā kūlana i manaʻo ʻole ʻia i ka nānā mua: ma nā pōhaku ʻōlohelohe. ʻO kēia ka ʻāpana liʻiliʻi o nā orchids.
- ʻĀkalakala ʻāina - hoʻokumu i kahi hui waena. ʻAʻole like me nā mea mua ʻelua, he aʻa a i ʻole nā paipu o lalo. ʻO ka maʻamau, ulu kēia mau ʻanoʻano i nā aniau wela a nani ʻole e like me nā nani tropical exotic. ʻO Bletilla striata, Pleione, Orchis, a me Sipipedium kēia.
Kuhikuhi: ʻae maikaʻi nā ʻano i helu ʻia ʻaʻole wale e ulu ana i ka honua, akā ʻo ka hoʻoilo kekahi. No laila hiki iā ʻoe ke kanu maʻalahi iā lākou ... i ka māla.
No laila, ma mua o ke kanu ʻana i kahi orchid i ka lepo a i ʻole i ka ʻili, pono ʻoe e ʻike i kāna hui. Inā terrestrial ka orchid, ulu maikaʻi ia i ka lepo ʻeleʻele. Akā me nā epiphytes, ʻaʻole huhū nui nā mea.
No ke aha kēia mea i hoʻopiʻi ʻia ai no ka nui o nā mea kanu?
Kanu wale ʻia nā orchids Epiphytic i loko o ka mea kanu, e luku koke ka honua iā lākou. Mai ke aha? Pili ia i nā kikoʻī o ko lākou aʻa. ʻO nā aʻa o ka orchid epiphytic ka mea nui nui nona, e hana ana i nā hana aʻe:
- Hoʻopili i ka orchid i ka substrate, e ʻae iā ia e kū pololei a paʻa i kahi.
- ʻO ka hana, me nā lau, komo i ka photosynthesis. Hoʻokomo kekahi mau laha i ka lā ma o nā aʻa - pono lākou e kanu i nā ipu aniani.
- Hoʻokomo i ka wai a me nā mea momona mai ka lewa a (kahi liʻiliʻi) mai ka ʻili o nā mea kanu) - e hōʻoia ana i ka hana nui o ka mea kanu.
I mea e hoʻokō piha ai i kēia mau hana, uhi ʻia nā aʻa o nā orchids me kahi mea kūikawā - velamen - kahi ʻano spongy hygroscopic... Mahalo iā ia, mālama nā aʻa i ka wai, hāʻawi iā ia i ka mea kanu e like me ka mea e pono ai. Akā pono lākou e noho maloʻo. I mea e maopopo ai ke kumu o kēia, e noʻonoʻo i kahi ʻōpala. Hoʻopomo maʻalahi ia a hoʻokuʻu i ka wai.
Akā he aha ka hana inā haʻalele ʻoe i ka pulu no ka manawa lōʻihi a me ka ʻole o ke ea? Pololei kēlā, e moulde ka hue. Hana ʻia ka mea like me nā aʻa lahilahi o ka orchid, paʻa i ka lepo maʻamau. ʻAʻole ia e maloʻo no ka manawa lōʻihi, a ʻūpī wale ke aʻa me ke komo ʻole o ka ea. Inā ʻaʻole kanu koke ʻia ka mea kanu, e hoʻomaka nā aʻa e pala, a laila make loa ka mea kanu.
Mea nui: ʻoiai ke koʻikoʻi o nā aʻa, pono e ola hou kahi orchid me nā aʻa pala. No ka hana ʻana i kēia, pono ʻoe e hana i nā kūlana hoʻomehana hale nona (e waiho ana i loko o ka ipu me ka ʻole o kahi substrate, akā me ka wai a ma lalo o kahi kiʻi ʻoniʻoni).
Pehea e hoʻopili ʻia ai nā ʻano epiphytic e ke kau ʻana iā lākou i ka chernozem maʻamau?
Pālāki nui, a, auwe, ua hoʻokolohua maikaʻi ʻole ʻia i ka ulu ʻana o nā orchids ma ka ʻāina maʻamau i ka wā o kā lākou hoʻolauna mua ʻana i ʻEulopa... ʻO nā māla, pīhoihoi i ka nani o nā mea kanu tropical, ua mākaukau e uku kālā kupanaha na lākou a hāʻawi aku iā lākou i ka mea maikaʻi loa: ka lepo momona momona. Akā no kekahi kumu make nā mea kanu i ka nui ...
Inā hoʻāʻo ʻoe e kanu i nā ʻano mea ʻaʻole i manaʻo ʻia no kēia mea i ka lepo ʻeleʻele maʻamau, ʻaʻole e ola lōʻihi ka mea kanu. O kahi laʻana:
Phalaenopsis - nā orchids maʻamau ma ka home. Pono lākou i ka aeration maikaʻi loa, a make lākou i loko o nā ipu me ka ʻili paʻa paʻa. ʻOiai e pīpī wale ʻoe i ko lākou aʻa me ka honua maʻamau, e pau koke ana ka mea kanu. I ka manawa like, phalaenopsis kahi pua unpretentious i hiki ke noho no kahi manawa lōʻihi i nā ʻano ʻoluʻolu ʻole. ʻO ia ke kumu e hiki ai iā ʻoe ke loaʻa nā laʻana ke ulu a mohala i ka ipuhao me ka lepo.
Akā ʻaʻole e lōʻihi ka hana mana e like me ka mea: e mae lohi nā aʻa a make ka mea kanu. Ma ke ala, inā mohala ka phalaenopsis i ka lepo, ʻeha loa ia, no ka mea, ulu ka orchid i kekahi manawa ma ke ʻano he hopena i nā kūlana maikaʻi ʻole.
- Wanda... Moody loa kēia mea kanu a ʻaʻole kūpono i kahi mea ulu hoʻomaka. Pono ia i ke komo mau ʻana i ka ea i mea nui e ulu pono i nā ipu me ka ʻole o kahi substrate, me kahi ʻōnaehana aʻa ʻole. Ke komo i loko o ka honua, e lilo koke kona mau lau, a laila make. ʻAʻole hiki i Wanda ke pua i ka ʻāina.
- Ascocenda... E like me Wanda, makemake ʻo ia i ka holo ʻana o ka ea, pono i kahi ipu ea me ka hapa iki o ka substrate. Inā ʻoe e kanu i ka lepo ʻeleʻele, a laila ʻike koke ʻoe i ka melemele ʻana o nā lau, a laila e hoʻomaka lākou e hāʻule. Inā ʻeli ʻoe i waho i kēia manawa, hiki iā ʻoe ke ʻike i kahi loli i nā aʻa: me ka ʻole o ke ea, e melemele lākou a hapalua ka huli. ʻO kahi transplant wale nō e hiki ke mālama i ka mea kanu.
He aha nā laha e ulu i ka lepo?
Inā kūʻai ʻoe i kahi orchid a kānalua i ka mea e kanu ai, pono ʻoe e ʻike i kēlā ʻano. Inā pili ka mea kanu i ka Himalayas, Australia a i ʻole ka Hikina Hema o ʻAsia, a laila pono paha i kahi ʻāina. ʻO kēia mau orchids e ulu ikaika nei i kēia lā, a ʻo ka hopena, loaʻa nā hybrids i hoʻololi ʻia i nā kūlana o ke keʻena a me ka lepo. O kahi laʻana:
- Hemaria (Haemaria);
- Nā Makode (Macodes);
- Anectochilus (Anoectochilus);
- ʻO Goodyera.
Aia kekahi mau orchids hihiu e ulu ana ma Ukraine, Russia a me Belarus., a me ka ʻāina no lākou he substrate kamaʻāina. ʻO:
Limodorum;
- ʻO Orchis;
- ʻOphris;
- Lyubka;
- Anacampis;
- Poʻo polū;
- Aʻa-manamana lima;
- ʻO ka paheʻe wahine a Lady.
ʻO ka pinepine, kūʻai ʻia ʻo cymbidium ma ke ʻano he orchid e ulu ana i ka honua. Pono ʻo ia i kahi lepo kaumaha e hiki ke mālama i ka makū kokoke i nā aʻa, a me ka hoʻoinu pinepine. Hiki iā ia ke noho a ma ke chernozem maʻamau, ʻoiai ʻoi aku ka nui o ka manawa o ka ʻili a me ka honua lau (humus) i loko o ka hoʻohui o ka lepo kūpono no cymbidium.
Pono wau e hoʻopulu i ka lepo?
ʻO ka lepo orchid i kūʻai ʻia i kekahi manawa me ka lepo. Hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻohui maoli inā loaʻa iā ʻoe kahi ʻano e aloha i ka wela kiʻekiʻe. Akā ʻaʻole loa he lepo ʻeleʻele maʻamau! Hiki iā ʻoe ke keʻakeʻa i ka lepo lau i kapa ʻia: ʻo kēia ka lepo i loaʻa ma hope o ka decomposition o nā lau i ka nahele. Nui ka waiwai a ulu maikaʻi ka mea kanu i loko. Hiki iā ʻoe ke ʻeli iā ʻoe iho, a laila lūlū pono ia a hoʻohui ia e like me ka hoʻohui ʻana o ka hui āu e hana nei (hiki iā ʻoe ke heluhelu hou aʻe e pili ana i ka hana ʻana o ka lepo no nā orchids ma aneʻi, e pili ana i ka mea ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi e hana ai ma ka home a kūʻai i kahi papa lepo i hoʻomākaukau ʻia, hiki iā ʻoe ke ʻike ma kēia mea. ). Akā ʻo ka pākēneka o ka ʻike ʻāina ʻaʻole e ʻoi aku ma mua o 40%.
O kahi laʻana, i ka huikau o ka ʻili, ka honua, ke one a me ka lanahu, ulu maikaʻi ka orchid Ludzia (ʻano me nā lau ʻōmaʻomaʻo nunui a me nā pua e like me ka momi liʻiliʻi).
Koho o ka huikau mākaukau
Ke loaʻa ʻana kahi orchid terestrial, e kū ana ʻoe i kahi pilikia: ʻaʻohe kokoke i nā hui ʻāina mākaukau no lākou. ʻO ka palena nui i hiki i ka hale kūʻai ke hāʻawi iā ʻoe he substrate no nā viole. Akā ʻaneʻane kokoke i hoʻokahi peat kiʻekiʻe a kūpono kūpono ʻole ʻia no nā orchids.
Pono ʻoe e kāwili iā ʻoe iho. Hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale ʻē ʻia nā ʻāpana āpau no ka substrate e hiki mai ana i nā hui 3:
- Kumu ʻāina (lau, nū a i ʻole ʻāina coniferous, peat).
- Loosening additives (ʻaʻole lau pala pala, limu, lānahu, ʻili a polystyrene paha).
- ʻO nā mea kanu meaola (pālolo a me mullein maloʻo).
'Lelo Aʻoaʻo! Ma ka hoʻohui ʻana i kēia mau pūʻulu ʻekolu me kekahi i kekahi, e loaʻa iā ʻoe ka hoʻohuʻu dredging maikaʻi.
Pehea e hoʻololi ai i kahi pua?
- E hoʻomaka, e hoʻoholo i kāu orchid i loaʻa... Hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale ʻia nā ʻano terrestrial āpau i ʻelua mau ʻano:
Deciduous - koi i ka hana hou ʻana i kēlā me kēia makahiki. I ka wā maloʻo, make nā lau a me nā aʻa ʻelua. Pono lākou i ka honua i mālamalama e like me ka hiki a ma ka manawa like me ka momona. Hoʻopili kēia mau mea: calantes, catazetums, playons, bletios, bletilla. Hoʻohui kūpono: ka lau lau, ka lepo kuhū, humus, peat ʻulaʻula, aʻa fern, one one (lawe i ka lakio o 2/2/2/1/2/1).
- ʻO nā Evergreens pono ʻole i ke kanu hou ʻana i ka makahiki. Ke kanu ʻia nei lākou e like me ka decompose o ka substrate a i ʻole ke aʻa e puka i waho o ka lihi o ka ipuhao. Hoʻopili kēia i nā cymbidiums, nā ʻano ʻōmaʻomaʻo o paphiopedilums, fajus, nā ʻano he nui o nā phragmipediums, i hōʻiliʻili ʻia. Hoʻohui kūpono: ka fibrous turf lepo, nā lau pala, nā aʻa fern, sphagnum, ke one muliwai (3/1/2/1/1 hiʻohiʻona).
- Eia hou koho i kahi ipuhao... Hiki iā ia ke pelekiko a i ʻole ka pālolo, akā koi ʻia nā lua kahe. Kau ʻia kahi papa kahe kiʻekiʻe ma ka lalo (nā ʻōpala i haki, nā ʻāpana i wāwahi ʻia a i ʻole nā ʻāpana o ka plastic foam - ma kahi o 3-4 cm).
- A laila wehe i ka orchid mai ka ipu mua (ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka haki ʻana a ʻoki ʻana paha - ma kēia ala e liʻiliʻi ai nā aʻa), nānā a holoi i nā aʻa. E hoʻoholo inā ola ke aʻa, kaomi māmā ia me kou manamana lima. Pono e paʻa nā aʻa ola.
- A laila hoʻonohonoho ʻia ka orchid i loko o ka ipu hao a uhi ʻia me ka lepo i hoʻomākaukau ʻia... Mai hoʻokomo hohonu iā ia i loko o ka hui - pono e hanu nā aʻa. ʻAʻole pono e hoʻopili ʻia ka hui ʻana o ka lepo, pani paʻa ʻia i ka manawa. Hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻoinu i ka orchid ma hope o ke kanu ʻana ma mua o 3 mau lā ma hope - ma kēia ala e pale ai i ka pala pala.
Inā hana pololei ʻia nā mea āpau: wehewehe pololei ʻia ka ʻano orchid, lepo maoli ia, huikau maikaʻi ka lepo a hana ʻia ka transplant me ka ʻole o nā ʻeha, a laila e ʻae ʻia ka mea kanu. A e hoʻomaikaʻi koke kāu orchid i ka honua iā ʻoe me ka pua lush!