Ke kumu o ka pua ānuenue: no hea mai ka orchid a pehea e mālama ai
Ua hānau ʻia kēia nani o loko i loko o nā tropics o ʻAmelika Hema (e like me ka moolelo, ua ʻike ʻia kahi orchid mai kahi "ʻāpana o ke ānuenue"). Ma mua o 90% o nā orchids i ʻike ʻia i hānau ʻia i loko o kēia mau ululāʻau momona a momona.
ʻOiaʻiʻo, pono nō wau e ʻōlelo e pili ana iā Hikina Hema Asia - ma aneʻi i ʻike ʻia ai ka orchid Phalaenopsis kamaʻāina. Ma kēia ʻatikala, e haʻi mākou iā ʻoe e pili ana i ka mōʻaukala o ke kumu o kēia pua nani a me kāna mālama ʻana.
Kumu: no hea mai kēia pua a mai hea mai e ulu ai?
Ua aʻo nā mea kanu kupaianaha i ka hoʻopili pono ʻana i nā kūlana anilā like ʻole, no laila Hiki ke loaʻa nā orchids i ke kūlohelohe ʻaʻole wale i nā tropic... ʻO ka maʻamau, pili ia i ka ʻano o ka orchid. Ua kālailai pū nā kānaka ʻepekema i ko lākou ulu ʻana e nā pae ʻāina:
- ʻO ke kihi mua e pili ana iā ʻAmelika Hema, ʻAmelika Waena, ʻAukekulelia, ʻAsia Hikina Hema a me nā ʻāpana kai ʻo ʻApelika.
Mea nui: ʻO ia hoʻi, mahana a mehana ka tropika, ke aniau i makemake nui ʻia me nā ʻano orchid āpau, akā ʻo ka hapa nui o nā epiphytes.
- Aia ka ʻāpana ʻelua i nā wahi mauna, ʻo ia hoʻi mauna o Indonesia, Malaysia, New Guinea, Brazil a me ka Andes. Uhi ʻia nā pali o kēia mau mauna me nā ululāʻau nui, kahi e mau ai ka noe (ʻoiai i kahi lā wela). ʻO ka mahana o ka lewa, he haʻahaʻa, he haʻahaʻa iki ma aneʻi ma mua o ka tropic, akā kiʻekiʻe ke kiʻekiʻe. Ke ulu nui nei nā orchids āpau ma ke ʻano he epiphytes.
- ʻO ke kolu o kahi e komo ai i ka steppe a me ka plateaus, ʻo kahi laʻana, ka pā o Brazil. Hiki ke ʻike ʻia nā orchids ma kēia wahi kokoke i nā kino wai, ka nui o ka ʻāina terrestrial a me kahi ʻāpana o nā epiphytes.
- ʻO ka ʻāpana ʻehā nā ʻāpana o nā panalāʻau o ʻAmelika Hema, ʻEulopa a me ʻAsia me kahi aniau akahai. Loaʻa nā orchids ma aneʻi, akā ʻo nā ʻano terrestrial wale nō a he kakaikahi wale nō.
E aʻo hou aʻe e pili ana i ka orchid i ke kūlohelohe, pehea e ulu ai a pehea e ʻokoʻa ai mai kahi home, i kahi ʻatikala ʻokoʻa.
I ka manawa a pehea i hoʻolauna mua ai ka mea kanu i ʻEulopa?
Ma ʻEulopa, ua hui lāua i kēia mau pua kupaianaha a puni ka kenekulia 18 - ua ʻike ka poʻe huakaʻi i nā ʻāina hou a pīhoihoi lākou i ka ʻike ʻana i nā mea kanu exotic. Aia kekahi moʻolelo nani e pili ana i ka mea ma ʻEnelani i loaʻa ai kahi ʻāpana botanist i kahi ʻāpana me kahi ʻōpala, ʻaneʻane kokoke loa e hoʻomaloʻo loa i kahi orchid mai nā Bahamas i makana. Ua kanu ʻo ia iā ia i loko o ka ipuhao a ua hana ʻia kahi hana mana - ma hope o kekahi manawa ua ola ka mea kanu a mahalo aku me nā pua ʻōniʻoniʻo nani, he orchid tropical ia. Mai ia manawa mai, ua hoʻomaka ka pīhoihoi i nā orchids.
Pehea kona aʻa?
Ua lilo ka poʻe i kālā he nui e kūʻai aku ma ka liʻiliʻi i hoʻokahi mea kanu, a laila e hōʻoia ana i ko lākou kūlana waiwai. Akā, i ko mākou hoʻohoka nui, ʻaʻole maʻalahi ia e "hoʻomeamea" i ka pua. ʻOiai nā hana e hana i kahi "paradaiso tropical" i loko o kā lākou greenhouse, ʻaʻole mālama ʻia ka mea kanu i kekahi ʻano. Ua hala ke kenekulia holoʻokoʻa a laila ʻike lākou i ke ala kūpono kūpono - koho lākou i ka mahana kūpono i ka hale kōmahana a hāʻawi i kahi ea o ka ea hou. Ke pua piha nei nā orchids (e aʻo hou aʻe e pili ana i nā pua orchid ma aneʻi). I ka manawa like (kenekulia 19) ua hoʻonui ka noi no lākou i hoʻouna nui ʻia nā huakaʻi kūikawā i ka ululāʻau a mai laila i lawe ʻia aku ai nā pua i nā mea he nui. I kēlā manawa ʻaʻole lākou i ʻike pehea e ulu ai i nā orchids mai nā ʻanoʻano (heluhelu e pili ana i ke ʻano o ka hana hou ʻana i nā orchids, me nā hua, ma aneʻi).
ʻO ka moʻaukala o ke ʻano o nā ʻano like ʻole
ʻAno ʻokoʻa nā ʻano orchid (ʻoi aku ma mua o 35 tausani o lākou)alakaʻi wale ia i waena o nā mea kanu āpau. ʻO ka mea kupaianaha, i kēlā me kēia makahiki a ke hoʻomau nei lākou e ʻike i nā ʻano hou i nā tropika.
OLELO HOOLAHA: ʻOiaʻiʻo, ʻaʻohe a lākou ʻano ʻokoʻa nui wale i ka kūlohelohe, akā i nā tausani o nā mea hānai mai nā ʻāina like ʻole.
Hoʻomaka hou ia ma ʻEnelani - hoʻomaka kahi māla Pelekane mai ka hoihoi i ka hoʻāʻo ʻana me nā pua o Cattleya guttata a me Cattleya loddighesi, a ʻo ka hopena ua kupu aʻe nā hua, mai kahi i hōʻike ʻia ai kahi kanaka i hana mua ʻia e Cattleya Hybrid (i ka 19 kenekulia). ʻĀ, a laila ua hāpai koke ʻia ka ʻōpeʻapeʻa, piʻi nui ka helu o nā hybrids hou, akā kupaianaha nā hopena iā mākou āpau.
No ka ʻike hou aku e pili ana i nā ʻano like ʻole o nā orchids, nā wehewehe a me nā kiʻi o nā pua o nā ʻano like ʻole, e nānā i kēia mea.
Aia kekahi palekana?
I loko nō o ka nui o nā laha, ʻoiaʻiʻo, pono ka palekana i kahi mea kanu kupaianaha. Hoʻopau ʻia ia i ke kūlohelohe me ke aloha ʻole - ʻelua i ka wā o ka wao nahele a me ka wā e hoʻokahe ai i nā wahi kai, a haehae kekahi i kēia hana mana o ke kūlohelohe me nā aʻa no nā lāʻau lapaʻau (e ʻike inā he ʻona paha ka orchid a i ʻole, he aha nā pōmaikaʻi a hōʻeha paha i lawe ʻia i ke kino o ke kanaka, e ʻike ma aneʻi). I ka hopena o ke kenekulia 19, ua hāpai mua ʻia ka pilikia o ka mālama orchid ma ʻEulopa.ʻO ka lāpili pale mua ka paheʻe wahine.
Ma Rūsia, helu ʻia he 35 mau ʻano o kēia mea kanu i ka Red Book. Ua helu nā ʻepekema, akā, ma ka makahiki 2050, ma kahi o ka hapalua o ka nui o nā ʻano orchid e noho nei i ʻEulopa. ʻO ka hapanui o nā ʻāina e hoʻāʻo e mālama i nā ʻano orchid hihiu i nā māla botanical, nā mālama a me nā pāka aupuni. I kēia mau lā, pale ʻia lākou āpau e nā kānāwai o ka pale kūlohelohe.
Nā hiʻohiʻona mālama
Ke kūʻai aku nei kā mākou hale kūʻai i nā ʻano orchid hybrid, ʻoi aku ka maʻalahi o ka mālama ʻana iā lākou ma ka home. ʻO Phalaenopsis ke ʻano kaulana loa. Nā mea nui i ka haʻalele ʻana:
- kukui pololei - ʻoi aku ke kukui diffuse no ka liʻiliʻi he 12 mau hola;
- ke kaʻina wela - no nā orchids i loko o ka hale, e ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi no ka hāʻawi ʻana i 20 - 27 kekelē o ka wela i ke ao, a me 14 - 24 kekelē i ka pō;
- humuhū o ka lewa - koi ʻia ka ʻūlū kiʻekiʻe, maikaʻi loa ke kau ʻana i kahi aquarium a i ʻole kahi pā me ka wai a me nā ʻiliʻili e kokoke ana i ka mea kanu;
- ka hoʻoinu - pono ia e wai nui wale i ka manawa o ka pua a me ka ulu ʻana o ka ulu, pono ke koena o ka manawa e hoʻoinu.
E nānā i kahi wikiō e pili ana i ka mālama ʻana i nā orchids:
Panina hopena
'Saylelo nā psychologists he mea maikaʻi loa ke nānā wale ʻana i kahi pua orchid - pale ia i ke kaumaha, he hōʻailona ia o ka hānau hou ʻana o ka ʻuhane, maikaʻi loa a me ke kuʻikahi. E mālama pono i hoʻokahi kope ma ka home - a e mālamalama ke ola. ʻO kēia mea kanu mahalo mahalo - pua no ka manawa lōʻihi i ke kauwela a me ka hoʻoilo, ʻoluʻolu ka maka, ʻoiai ʻaʻole ia e koi nui i ka mālama ʻana.