He aha ke ʻano o ka skullcap - ka ʻulaʻula, alpine a i ʻole nā ​​mea ʻē aʻe - kūpono i ka hale?

ʻO Skullcap (Scutellaria) kahi mea kanu nui o nā ʻohana Lamiaceae a i ʻole Labiatae, i loaʻa ma kahi o ka honua holoʻokoʻa (koe naʻe ʻo Antarctica).

ʻO ka hapa nui o nā laha i ka mahele o nā mea kanu kala. Nui nā ʻano i loaʻa nā kāhiko hoʻonaninani, akā ʻo kahi ʻāpana liʻiliʻi o lākou e hoʻohana ʻia ma ke ʻano he mea mālama hale i ka hana. Loaʻa i kekahi ʻano mea kanu nā lāʻau lapaʻau.

ʻO ka genus "Shlemnik" ma ke ʻano he nui a ʻoi aku ma mua o 460 ʻano. ʻO ka hapa nui o nā mea kanu he mauʻu, a he kakaikahi wale nō nā kumulāʻau dwarf.

Maʻamau

Skullcap - mea ulu mau, nona ka helu nui o nā inoa ʻē aʻe: skullcap, cockerel skullcap, kupuna wahine, St. John's wort, ʻai, pickle, mea kanu makuahine, mauʻu naʻau, polū. Ulu ia ma ka ʻāina Kaiwaenahonua, ʻEulopa a me ʻEulopa Hikina, nā ʻāina Skandinavia, Ciscaucasia, ʻAsia Waena, Kina, Mongolia, Iapana, ʻAmelika ʻĀkau, Lūkia (ʻĀulopa ʻāpana, Komohana a me Siberia Hikina)

Makemake e ulu i nā wahi pāpū, kokoke i nā kahawai, a ma nā kapa o nā kahawai, nā loko a me nā loko iʻa.

• Hiki i ka mea kanu ke kiʻekiʻe o 10-50 cm, loaʻa kahi lāʻau tetrahedral a me kahi rhizome lahilahi, ʻano e ke kolo a me ka lālā.
• Hoʻonohonoho kūʻē ʻia nā lau, loaʻa kahi ʻano oblong-lanceolate a me nā notch ākea ākea ma nā lihi.
• ʻO nā pua o ka mea kanu he ʻelua mau lepe, bluish-poni i ke kala, i hoʻonohonoho ʻia pākahi i nā koʻi lipi o nā lau.
• ʻO ka lehelehe luna o ka corolla he mahiole, ʻoiai ka lehelehe o lalo e paʻa.
• ʻEhā mau stamens o nā pua (ʻoi aku ka lōʻihi o ka ʻelua ma lalo o nā mea kiʻekiʻe). Loaʻa i ka pistil kahi stigma bipartite a me kahi ovary luna ʻehā lobed.
• Hoʻomaʻa ka mea kanu i nā hua i ke ʻano o nā nati ʻehā.

ʻO ka manawa pua o ka mea kanu ʻo June-ʻAukake. ʻO ka manawa hua o ka mea kanu ʻo Iulai-Kepakemapa. Loaʻa nā mea kanu i nā flavonoids (apigenin, baicalein, wogonin, scutellarein). Ma mua, ua hoʻohana ʻia ka mea kanu i ka lāʻau, akā i kēia manawa ke hoʻomau nei ʻo ia i ka hoʻohana i ka lāʻau maʻamau.

ʻO ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā mea kanu no nā kumu lāʻau hiki, akā naʻe, pono ia e noʻonoʻo i kahi helu o nā contraindications e kū nei.

Siberian

1. Hoʻohālikelike ʻia e ka lālā ikaika. Hiki i ka ʻāpana o ka honua ke ulu a hiki i ka 1.5 m kiʻekiʻe.
2. Hoʻohālikelike ʻia ka ʻāpana kumu e ka nui, ka lahilahi a me ka lālā ma luna.
3. He maʻalahi nā lau, petiolate, ovoid a i ʻole triangular-ovoid.
4. ʻO nā inflorescences o ke ʻano pua haʻahaʻa, he kolo ʻole.

ʻUlaʻula ʻulaʻula nā pua. ʻO ka manawa pua o ka mea kanu ʻo June-ʻAukake. Ulu ia ma Western a me Siberia Hikina.

Alpine

ʻO kahi ulu e ulu ana ma nā wahi mauna o ka hema o ʻEulopa, nā Balkans, a ma ka ʻaoʻao hema o Siberia. ʻOkoʻa i ke kino pōkole (ke kiʻekiʻe o ke koʻokoʻo - 15-20 cm).

• ʻO nā lau ka naʻau a me ka pubescent.
• Nā pua - o ka mua, keʻokeʻo-poni, ʻulaʻula keʻokeʻo māmā. Aia nā ʻano me tricolor, hoʻohālikelike a me nā corollas keʻokeʻo-turquoise.

ʻO ka manawa pua - mai Mei a Iulai; hua ma ʻAukake. Ua hoʻohana ʻia ʻo Alpine scullcap ma ke ʻano he pot pot no ʻehā mau kenekulia, a ua ulu pū ʻia ma nā puʻu alpine i hui pū ʻia me nā ʻano ʻē aʻe. Makemake ka mea kanu i nā lepo alkaline.

ʻUlaʻula

ʻO kahi kumulāʻau kukui aloha mau, i kapa ʻia ʻo "Costa Rican skullcap". Ua ʻike mua ʻia kēia ʻano ma ka mokupuni ʻo Costa Rica a ua wehewehe ʻia e ka mea kanu lāʻau huaʻi kaulana a me ke poʻo o ka māla hua kanu ma Hannover (Kelemānia) ʻo G. Wendland i ka waena o ke kenekulia 19. Eia kekahi ma vivo, hiki ke loaʻa ka mea kanu ma Panama a me Mexico. He mau kumu lāʻau kā ka mea kanu e ulu a 1m i ke kiʻekiʻe.

I ka ʻimi ʻana i ka mālam, hiki i nā koʻokoʻo ke kolo a like me ka liana groundcover.

1. Nā pua - ʻalani-ʻulaʻula, ʻulaʻula, ʻulaʻula i ke ʻano o nā pua-protruding-tubes, i hōʻiliʻili ʻia i nā inflorescences-spike spike spike (e like me nā cones, a i 6 cm). ʻAʻohe pilau nā pua.
2. Corolla he pelu melemele, a aneane paʻa loa a pelu ʻia i ke ʻano o ka mahiole. Mohala ia no ka manawa lōʻihi ma muli o ka mohala ʻana o nā ʻōpuʻu (mai luna a lalo).
3. Koʻokoʻo mea kanu - tetrahedral, ke kuʻina o ka hoʻonohonoho ʻana i nā lau.
4. Nā lau lau loaʻa i kahi puʻuwai-elliptical ke ʻano me ka lihi comb, ke ʻōmaʻomaʻo hohonu ke aniani, he embossed matte ka ʻili, ʻaʻohe onaona. Ke ʻānai, hana nā lau i kahi kani kani (e like me ka pepa).

Ua ulu pū kēia ʻano i nā kūlana i loko a me nā hale kōmahana. ʻO ka lōʻihi o ka mea kanu i kahi kiʻekiʻe o 20-60 cm. I Rūsia, hoʻomau ka ʻano laha ʻole o kēia ʻano, ʻoiai me ka unpretentiousness a me nā ʻano hoʻonaninani maikaʻi.

ʻO ka skullcap ʻulaʻula, ke ulu ʻia i nā ʻano i loko a me nā hale kōmahana, pono i ka ulu hou ʻana o nā mea kanu e nā ʻoki. Ua ulu ma ke ʻano he makahiki a i ʻole biennial.

ʻO Squat

Mea kanu paʻa, nona hoʻi nā inoa: skullcap acutifoliate, skullcap skullcap. Ke ulu nei ia ma Rūsia (nā ʻāina hema o ka ʻāpana ʻEulopa, Komohana a me Siberia Hikina), ʻUkelena, ʻAsia Waena, Mongolia, Kina.

• He semi-shrub ia e ulu a 1.5 m i ke kiʻekiʻe.
• Kūpuni ʻia nā lau me nā lihi jagged.
• Melemele nā ​​pua, nui (ʻoi aku ma mua o 3 cm ke anawaena), huluhulu.

Makemake ʻo ia e ulu ma nā pali mauna kiʻekiʻe, nā awāwa, nā kula ākea. ʻIke ʻia nā pua a puni ʻo Iune i nā ʻāpana luna o nā koʻokoʻo i ka makahiki ʻelua o ka ulu ʻana.

Pā-pua-nui

He semi-shrub ia i loaʻa i ke kala hina hina ma muli o ka ʻōpio. Ulu i Siberia Komohana a me Hikina, Altai, Mongolia. Makemake ʻo ia e ulu ma nā pali pōhaku a i ʻole nā ​​ʻiliʻili, talus, pōhaku, ʻiliʻili.

Mānoanoa ka lāʻau, lāʻau a hewa. Nā kumu - lehulehu, lālā, 10-20 knm ke kiʻekiʻe. Kokoke i ke kumu - lāʻau a me ka pubescent me nā lauoho lauoho pokole.

Liʻiliʻi ka lau, ovoid, truncated a i ʻole cordate kokoke i ke kumu, aia ma nā petioles lōʻihi (a i 12 mm).

ʻO nā kihi o nā lau he crenate-dentate, a ʻo nā lau e pubescent ma nā ʻaoʻao ʻelua me nā lauoho lauoho i hoʻopili ʻia, ʻōmaʻomaʻo ʻōmaʻomaʻo ma luna.

1. Nā pua hana i ka capitate nui, kokoke i nā inflorescences tetrahedral a i 4 cm ka lōʻihi i nā ʻaoʻao luna o nā lālā.
2. Kopa - ma kahi o 2 mm ka lōʻihi, huluhulu nui, loaʻa kahi scutellum reniform appressed, poni i ke kala.
3. Corolla he 1.5-2.5 cm kona lōʻihi, ʻulaʻula a ʻulaʻula a ʻulaʻula paha ke kala, i kekahi mau manawa ʻoi loa ka pubescent ma waho.
4. Nati - triangular-oval, ʻeleʻele, uhi paʻa ʻia me nā lauoho stellate keʻokeʻo.

ʻO ka manawa pua kēia ʻo Iune-ʻAukake.

Baikal

ʻO kahi lāʻau ulu mau a he nui nā inoa ʻē aʻe:

• polū ʻo St. John's wort;
• kumu nui;
• pale kaua;
• rama ʻona;
• kupunawahine;
• pale kaua;
• manō;
• ulupoo;
• lāʻau lau naʻau;
• hoʻoheheʻe wai;
• hoʻopau

I Lūkia, ulu ia ma kahi o Lake Baikal, ma ka moku ʻo Amur a me ka Teritori Primorsky. ʻIke ʻia ia i nā ʻāina ʻē aʻe - ma Mongolia, Korea, ʻĀkau ʻo Kina.

1. Hiki i ka mea kanu ke 60 cm i ke kiʻekiʻe, he lālā lālā maikaʻi.
2. He pōkole a mānoanoa ke aʻa, ʻeleʻele i ke kala, akā ma ka haki melemele nā ​​aʻa ʻōpio, ʻoiai ʻeleʻele nā ​​mea kahiko.
3. Liʻiliʻi, lōʻihi, a paʻakikī hoʻi ka lau o nā mea kanu.
4. ʻO nā pua - he bele poni, ʻelua mau lepe, ʻohiʻohi ʻia ma ke poʻo o nā koʻokoʻo i nā inflorescences racemose. Hoʻonani a nani hoʻi nā pua.

ʻO ka manawa pua kēia ʻo Iune-Iulai.

E ʻike ʻoe i kahi wehewehe kikoʻī o ka skullcap Baikal a me nā lula no ka hoʻoulu ʻana i kahi pua i kahi ʻatikala ʻokoʻa, a hiki iā ʻoe ke ʻike e pili ana i nā lāʻau lapaʻau a me nā contraindications o kēia ʻano mea kanu i kēia mea.

Panina hopena

No laila, ʻO ka genus "Shlemnik" kahi wahi ākea a ma nā mea āpau e hoʻopili ana ma mua o 460 ʻano. ʻO nā mea hoʻonaninani a me nā kala ʻana i loko o ka nui o kēia mau mea kanu, ʻoiai he mau ʻano wale nō e hoʻohana ʻia no nā kumu lāʻau a me nā mea hoʻonani.

E nānā i ka wikiō: To the Lighthouse Plot Summary with Mcqs (Iune 2024).