Nā maʻi a me nā mea ʻino o ka balesama. Pehea e hoʻōla ai i kahi mea kanu?
ʻO ka ulu wikiwiki, nā pua nani a me kahi wā pua lōʻihi - kūpono i nā balesama i ka papa inoa o kekahi o nā mea kanu i loko maikaʻi loa.
ʻO nā inflorescence mālamalama, hoʻopā-hoʻopili e hoʻonani i nā sill window, loggias a me nā wahi māla holoʻokoʻa.
I kekahi mau hihia, hiki i ka balesama ke lele i nā maʻi weliweli a i nā ʻenemi weliweli paha. He aha ka makaʻu o ka pua? Pehea e ʻike ai a kaohi ai i nā mea ʻino?
Mea pōkole mea kanu
He hua kanu paʻa ʻo Balsam, me kahi lālā i kūkulu ʻia a me nā lau niho ʻiʻo kikokiko. ʻO ke kiʻekiʻena kiʻekiʻe o ka nāhelehele 50 cm, ka lōʻihi o ka lau 8-12 cm. Aia nā inflorescences i nā axils o ka mea kanu, ʻokoʻa ko lākou malu (mai ka lahilahi a i ka ʻulaʻula hohonu).
Loaʻa nā pua pālua i nā hybrids Balsam. Ma hope o ka pau ʻana o ka wā pua, ua hoʻokumu ʻia ka hua - he pahu elongated, a ʻo 5 mau lau i wili ʻia.
Ma kahi leka! Ma ka hoʻopā iki ʻana i ka pahu, wehe ia a kī ʻia nā ʻano hua me ka ikaika. No kēia waiwai, ua kapa ʻia ka mea kanu ʻo Impatient.
Hoʻomaopopo ka pua lōʻihi i kekahi inoa no ka balsam - Ogonyok. I nā ʻāina ʻokoʻa, he ʻokoʻa ke ʻano o kēia ʻano: Zealous Lisa ma Kelemania, Vanka-wet ma Lūkia.
ʻO ka palapū maʻi
No ke aha e ulu ai ka balesama i nā maʻi like ʻole? ʻO ke kumu nui ke ʻano mākū-aloha o ka mea kanu. ʻO kona kumu a me nā lau 50% ka wai. Aloha ke kumulāʻau i ka lepo a me ka ea i pulu maikaʻi. A ʻo ka nui o ka wai e hana i nā kūlana kūpono no ka hana hou ʻana o nā pathogens a me nā mea ʻino.
ʻO ka balesama i loko o ka hale ke maʻalahi i kahi maʻi e like me ka momona o ka momona. Ma waena o nā kumu no ka hoʻomohala ʻana he maikaʻi maikaʻi o ka mālama ʻana, ka haʻahaʻa o ka mahana, ka nui o ka hoʻoinu ʻana (ʻaʻohe manawa o ka lepo e evaporate).
Hoʻokumu ʻia ka maʻi e nā fungi ʻino. Komo ka pathogen i loko o nā aʻa o ka mea kanu me ka ona, ma hope o 2-3 mau lā e hoʻomaka ai e mae kahi ulu lāʻau olakino (uhi ʻia nā lau me ka pua keʻokeʻo, a laila ʻeleʻele lākou a hāʻule. ʻO ke ʻano o ka kaohi ka mālama ʻana me nā fungicides. Hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻohana i ka Bactofit, Bordeaux wai, Vitaros.
Hoʻopili pū ʻia ʻo Balsam i nā maʻi aʻe.
- Pā pala hina. ʻO nā ʻōuli he mau kiko ʻeleʻele, pua ke hina i nā lau a me ke kumu. Hoʻokumu ʻia ka maʻi e nā bacteria mai ka lepo haumia a i ʻole ka wai. ʻO kahi mea pilikia ʻē aʻe ka paʻa ʻana i ka nahele, ka wai anuanu no ka hoʻoulu ʻana, nā kiko.
Hiki iā ʻoe ke hemo iā ia ma ka ʻoki ʻana i nā lau i pā ʻia a hoʻololi i ka mea kanu i kahi ipu hou. No ka pīpī ʻana, kūpono kahi ʻōlika a Fundazol paha.
- Maʻi koʻohune. ʻO ka hōʻailona kahi mau wahi wai ma nā lau, kahi i pāhola ma hope o ka nahele. ʻO ke ʻano o ka hakakā e hemo i nā lau i hoʻopili ʻia a laila hana i ka nahele me ka wai Bordeaux.
Nā Parasite: ʻike, nā kumu a me nā hana
Hoʻopilikia pinepine ʻia ʻo Balsam e nā ticks - ʻo kēia nā pīpī liʻiliʻi hoʻonāukiuki e omo i nā wai a pau mai ke koʻokoʻo mai. Aphids, thrips a me keʻokeʻo kekahi mea weliweli i ka mea kanu.
ʻĀhaʻi ʻimi
Hiki ke ʻike ʻia nā hōʻailona hōʻailona ke nānā i ka ʻaoʻao huli o ka lau a i ʻole nā internodes. Nā ʻōuli o kahi maʻi mite punawelewele - ʻo ke kiʻi keʻokeʻo lahilahi loa a me nā kiko liʻiliʻi ma nā lau, ko lākou nalo ʻana o ka ʻōlinolino, kahi hoʻemi o ka pua pua. ʻO nā kumu o ka hiʻohiʻona ke kiʻekiʻe o ka wela o ka lumi a me ka haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa. Pehea e hana ai me nā mites punawelewele?
ʻO ka ʻoki ʻana i nā ʻāpana i hoʻopili ʻia.
- ʻO ka mālama ʻana i ka nahele me ka wai soapy (ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi e hoʻoluʻu i ke kopa tar i ka wai). E noi i ka hua i ka mea kanu, holoi ma hope o 5-10 mau minuke. E hana hou i ke kaʻina hana ma hope o 7 mau lā.
- Me ke kūlana kiʻekiʻe o ka maʻi, koi ʻia ka lāʻau lapaʻau. Aia ʻo Fitoverm lāua ʻo Vertimek i kā lāua papa inoa. Koho i nā mea hana e like me nā ʻōkuhi.
Hiki i ka mite cyclamen ke parasitize ma ka balesama. Hoʻololi ia i nā lau ʻōpio, nā ʻōpuʻu a me nā wana. Ua nalowale nā mea kanu i kona mau kiko o ka ulu ʻana a make koke. Hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻopau i ka pest inā mālama ʻia me nā acaricides.
Aphid
Hānai ʻo ka pepeke i ka wai mai nā lau, a laila kū ka deformation a me ka hopu ʻana i ka ulu. Me ke kūlana kiʻekiʻe o ka hōʻino, ʻaʻole hiki ke hana o ka photosynthesis, ʻo kahi hopena, kū ka balesama i ka hoʻomohala maʻamau a make.
He paʻakikī loa e ʻike i ka maʻi ma ka nahele, akā ʻike maopopo ʻia nā pūnana o nā aphids mai kahi pua keʻokeʻo ma nā paia o ka ipuhao.
Mea nui! ʻO ke kumu o ka hoʻomohala ʻana he mālama kūpono ʻole a me ka hoʻokahe kūpono ʻole ʻana (hoʻonui ka pest i ka lepo maloʻo).
Hiki iā ʻoe ke ʻike i nā aphids i ke kanu ʻana a i ʻole ke nānā ʻana i ka ʻōnaehana aʻa. Nā ʻano kanaka o ka paio - nā tincture o nā lau paka, nā ʻaka onion a me nā awaawa. Eia kekahi, hiki ke mālama ʻia kahi nahele i loaʻa i ka lehu me ka lehu, ka lepo paka a i ʻole ka hui ʻana o ka lehu a me ke kopa.
Pehea e hana ai me nā aphids? ʻO nā ʻano kemika no ka hoʻōla ʻana i ka balsam - Fas, Decis, Actellik. Hana ʻia nā hana a me nā ʻano noi i ka nui o nā mea kanu (hoʻohana e like me nā kuhikuhi). Ke hana ʻana me nā kemika, pono e uhi ʻia ka lepo i loko o ka ipuhao me ka pepa kini.
ʻO algorithm kikoʻī o nā hana:
- Ka hemo ʻana o nā ʻāpana ʻino a me nā maloʻo.
- Hoʻomaʻamaʻa i nā ʻoki ʻoki me nā insecticides. Ke kāpīpī nei i ka nahele me kahi hopena o ka paka maloʻo a me nā lau nahele tansy.
- I ka ipuhao, hoʻololi loa i ka lepo, disinfect the pot iho.
ʻO Whitefly
I ka helehelena, ua like ka ʻenekena me kahi moth keʻokeʻo liʻiliʻi. ʻO ka wā hānau (mai ka waiho ʻana i nā hua i ka hatching) he 35-40 mau lā.
Ke waiho nei ʻo Whitefly i nā hua manu ma ke kua o ka lau, ma hope ua ʻike ʻia nā larvae mai kēia mau hua manu, ka mea e ʻai ai i ka nāhelehele balesama āpau.
Ma hope o ka holo ʻana o ka manawa, paʻakikī ka ʻili o nā ʻūlū, a lilo ka poʻe i mea pale ʻole i kekahi mau kemika. No laila, pono e hoʻomaʻamaʻa i ka mea kanu i nā manawa he nui, e nānā ana i ka haki o 4-6 mau lā.
Nā maʻi maʻi maʻi - nalowale nā lau i kona kala ʻōmaʻomaʻo, ʻike ʻia nā kiko melemele ma luna ona, ma hope maloʻo a hāʻule. ʻO kahi hopena weliweli ka make piha o nā mea kanu.
Kākauʻōlelo. Hoʻokumu pū ka keʻokeʻo i kahi wai kō e piha i nā pathogens o ka fungus sooty.
Pehea e pepehi ai i kahi keʻokeʻo?
- Auʻau maʻamau. Hiki i nā hua manu a me nā larvae ke holoi ʻia me ka wai. He mea nui e hoʻoponopono i nā ʻaoʻao ʻelua o ka pepa.
- Ka wehe ʻana i nā ʻāpana i hoʻopili ʻia o ka laʻalāʻau.
- Ka luku ʻia ʻana o kekahi kanaka me nā insecticides. Paipai nā Florist e hoʻohana iā Karbofos, Tanrek, Actellik. ʻO kēia nā lāʻau ʻona i pāpā ʻia ʻole e kāpī ʻia i loko o ke keʻena. Pono ʻoe e hoʻokō i ke kaʻina hana ma ka pāpale a ma ke alanui paha.
- ʻO kahi ʻokoʻa i nā kemika nā lāʻau home. Hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻoponopono i ka balsam me nā kālika kālika paʻi. No ka kuke ʻana, pono ʻoe e wili i nā koloka he 1-2, e hoʻolilo iā lākou i gruel. E ninini i ka wai i hoʻolapalapa a waiho a i 3 mau hola. Hoʻohana no ka pīpī ʻana 2 manawa i ka lā.
ʻO Thrips
Hāpai nā pepelu i kahi hoʻoweliweli ʻelua: hoʻonāwaliwali lākou i ka nāhelehele, kahi pest, a lawe pū i ka maʻi mosaic - kahi maʻi weliweli o ka balesama i loko. Hiki ke ʻike ʻia ka pilikia e ka hoʻoliʻiliʻi o nā lau ʻōpio ma ka piko a me ka loli o ka wahi ulu.
ʻO ka nui o ka hopena o nā pests, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka helehelena o nā pua. Hoʻomaka e hoʻomaloʻo nā kihi, a hiki ke ʻike ʻia nā mea kolo ola ma waenakonu o ka corolla.
ʻO ke ʻano nui o ka hana pū ʻana me lākou ka wehe ʻana i nā ʻāpana maʻi a me nā lāʻau aʻe. He mea nui e hoʻokaʻawale i ka nahele i hoʻopili ʻia mai ke koena. Pono ʻoe e kāpīpī i ka mea kanu me Tanrek a i ʻole Aktellik.
Pono e hoʻoheheʻe ʻia ʻo Tanrek i kahi mahele o 1 ml i 5 l a i ʻole 2 ml i 10 l (pono e ana i ka lāʻau me ka ʻakehe). Nā hana a Actellik no ka maʻi ʻino: 1 ampoule no 1 lita o ka wai. Pono e hana hou i ke kaʻina hana hoʻoheheʻe ma hope o 5-7 mau lā.
He kiʻi
A laila, hiki iā ʻoe ke ʻike i kahi kiʻi o nā maʻi a me nā mea ʻino o ka balesama:
Nā hana pale
ʻO ke ana pale nui ka mālama kūpono. He mea nui e lawa ka lā o ka ipuhao balsam. Kāohi i ka hiʻona o nā mea pests ma ka pīpī ʻana me ka wai maʻamau (ʻaʻole pono e hāʻule ka wai ma luna o nā pua).
I ka hāʻule, he ʻōlelo aʻoaʻo e hoʻopili i nā lole luna kiʻekiʻe i hoʻokahi manawa i kēlā me kēia 2-3 mau pule. Pono nā momona i nā nitrogen a me nā phosphore. I ka hoʻoilo, pono ʻoe e hōʻemi i ka nui o ka hoʻoinu, a kau i ka ipuhao balsam i kahi anuanu (ka mahana 15-17 kekelē).
Panina hopena
He mea kanu nani ʻo Balsam me nā pua hoʻouluulu. Hiki i ka nāhelehele ke lilo i mea no nā hoʻouka kaua mai nā mea ʻinoʻino. Hiki iā ʻoe ke kāpae i nā hopena weliweli o nā mea make ma ka hōʻoki ʻana i nā ʻāpana maʻi a me ka hana ʻana me nā kemika. ʻO ke ana pale nui ka mālama ʻana i nā lula o ka mālama.