ʻO Potsdam - kahi kūlanakauhale i Kelemania me kahi mōʻaukala waiwai
He kūlanakauhale ʻo Potsdam (Kelemānia) ma ka ʻaoʻao hikina o ka mokuʻāina, 20 km ma ke komohana hema o Berlin. Loaʻa iā ia ke kūlana o ke kapikala o ka mokuʻāina pekelala o Brandenburg, ʻoiai he kūlanakauhale kūloko. Aia ʻo Potsdam ma kapa o ka muliwai Havel, ma kahi pāpū me nā loko he nui.
ʻO ka ʻāpana o ke kūlanakauhale ma kahi o 190 km², a ma kahi o ¾ o ka ʻāina āpau e noho ʻia e nā wahi ʻōmaʻomaʻo. ʻO ka heluna kanaka e noho nei e hoʻokokoke nei i ka poʻe 172,000.
Ua hana ʻo Potsdam i kahi hoʻololi kupaianaha mai kahi noho Slavic liʻiliʻi, ʻo ka ʻōlelo i hōʻike mua ʻia mai ka makahiki 993, i kahi kūlanakauhale i koho ʻia i hale noho aliʻi ma 1660.
ʻO Modern Potsdam kekahi o nā kūlanakauhale kiʻi nui loa ma Kelemania, a kū i waho ka hoʻolālā ʻana ma waena o ʻEulopa. Mai ka 1990, ua hoʻokomo ʻia ka ʻāina kaiāulu holoʻokoʻa i ka UNESCO World Heritage List.
He mea hoihoi! Ma hope o ke kūkulu ʻia ʻana o ka Wall Berlin ma 1961, aia ʻo Potsdam, aia ma ka hema komohana o Berlin a me kahi ʻāpana o ka GDR, i loaʻa iā ia iho ma ka palena me ka FRG. ʻO ka hopena, ua pāpālua ka manawa huakaʻi mai Potsdam a i ke kapikala o ka GDR. Ma hope o ka hiolo ʻana o ka paia a me ka hoʻohui ʻana o ka GDR me Kelemania Komohana (1990), ua lilo ʻo Potsdam i kapikala o nā ʻāina Brandenburg.
Nā mea hoihoi loa
Ma muli o ka mea ʻo Potsdam he wahi kaiā o Berlin, he nui nā mākaʻikaʻi i hele mai i ke kapitala o Kelemania e kipa aku iā ia me nā kipa hoʻokahi lā. ʻO ka poʻe huakaʻi e hoʻāʻo nei e ʻike i nā maka o Potsdam i ka lā hoʻokahi e loaʻa kahi papahana huakaʻi waiwai a ʻano ʻokoʻa.
He mea hoihoi! ʻO kēia kūlanakauhale kahi home o ka hale kiʻi ʻoniʻoni nui nui loa i ka honua e hana ana i nā kiʻi ʻoniʻoni mai 1912 - Babelsberg. Eia nā kiʻi i hana ʻia kahi i kī ʻia ai nā mea nui ʻo Marlene Dietrich lāua ʻo Greta Garbo. Ke hana mau nei ke keʻena, a i kekahi manawa ʻae ʻia ka poʻe kipa e nānā i kekahi mau hana, no ka laʻana, ka hana ʻana i nā hopena kūikawā.
Hale Aliʻi ʻo Sanssouci a me Park Complex
He kaulana kūpono ʻo Sanssouci ma ke ʻano he wahi nani a sophisticated hoʻi i Kelemania. Hoʻolahalaha ʻia kēia pūnaewele i pale ʻia e UNESCO ma kahi ākea nui loa o 300 mau hectares. Nui nā wahi hoihoi i ka paka:
- ʻO nā lānai i hoʻonani nani ʻia me nā pā waina
- ka hale hōʻikeʻike mua ma Germany me nā kiʻi wale nō
- Luakini Kahiko
- Luakini o ke aloha
- Hale ʻauʻau Roma.
Akā ʻo ka hale nui loa i loko o ka pā ʻo Sanssouci park ʻo ia ka hale aliʻi, kahi noho o nā mōʻī o Prussia.
Hiki iā ʻoe ke ʻike i nā kikoʻī āpau e pili ana iā Sanssouci mai kēia ʻatikala.
He mea hoihoi! ʻO ka hoʻolauleʻa Kelemania kaulana ʻo Potsdamer Schlössernacht i mālama ʻia i kēlā me kēia makahiki ma ka Hale Aliʻi ʻo Sanssouci. Aia i loko o ka papahana nā ʻahamele o nā mele symphonic, nā hālāwai palapala a me nā hana keaka me ke komo ʻana o nā mea pena ʻoi loa o ka honua. Ka palena o ka helu o nā likiki no ka lā nui, no laila pono ʻoe e mālama i ke kūʻai ʻana iā lākou ma mua.
Hale aliʻi hou
Ma ka ʻaoʻao komohana o ka pāka ʻo Sanssouci kahi huakaʻi kū hoʻokahi o Potsdam a me Kelemania. He hui baroque kēia: ka hale nani o nā Neues Palais, nā kamaʻāina a me ke kia lanakila me ka colonnade. Ua hoʻomaka ʻo Frederick ka Nui i ke kūkulu ʻana i ka hale aliʻi ma 1763 e hōʻike i ka honua i ka ikaika a me ka waiwai pio ʻole o Prussia. Ua hala he 7 mau makahiki, a ua pau ka hana.
ʻO ka New Palace kahi lōʻihi (200 m) ʻekolu mau hale i kūkulu ʻia e like me ke kiʻekiʻe loa ma muli o ka hale i waiho ʻia ma waenakonu o ka hale. Ua hoʻonani ʻia ka dome kiʻekiʻe 55 m me ʻekolu mau hanohano e paʻa ana i kahi lei aliʻi. I ka hōʻuluʻulu, hoʻohana ʻia nā kiʻi 267 e hoʻonaninani i ka hale, ʻo ka hapa nui ma luna o ka hale. Aia kekahi mea hoʻomākeʻaka na Heinrich Heine: ua ʻōlelo ka mea haku mele, aia he nui aku ka poʻe ma luna o ka hale o ke kaulana hale i ke kūlanakauhale ʻo Potsdam ma mua o loko.
Ma muli o ka hoʻohana ʻia ʻana o Neues Palais e Frederick ka Nui wale no ka hana a no ka noho ʻana o nā malihini hanohano, ʻo ka hapa nui o nā wahi o loko he keʻena kaʻawale a me nā keʻena no nā ʻahaʻaina koʻikoʻi. Ua hoʻonani ʻia nā keʻena a me nā keʻena me nā kiʻi pena e nā mea kākau ʻEulopa o nā kenekulia 16th-18th. Aia kekahi mea hoihoi e like me ka hōʻike "Gallery of Potsdam", e haʻi e pili ana i ka mōʻaukala o ka hale aliʻi mai ka manawa o kona ʻano a hiki i kēia lā.
ʻElua mau papahele o ka ʻēheu hema e noho ʻia e ka hale kiʻi ʻoniʻoni o ke kenekulia 18 me kahi lumi i hoʻolālā ʻia i loko o kahi papa ʻulaʻula a me keʻokeʻo me ka hoʻonani a me ka stucco mould ʻAʻohe o ka hale keaka i kahi pahu aliʻi, ʻoiai ʻo Frederick ka Nui i makemake e noho i ke keʻena, i ka lālani ʻekolu. I kēia manawa ma ke kahua o ka hale keaka, hāʻawi ʻia nā hana keaka no ka poʻe hoʻolohe.
Ua lawelawe nā kaiaulu ma ke ʻano he waho a i ka manawa like e uhi i ka ʻike o nā kahawai maikaʻi ʻole mai ka ʻaoʻao komohana o ka pā. I kēia lā, hale nā ʻāpana i kahi kulanui pedagogical.
Wahi hoʻonāukiuki: Neuen Palais, 14469 Potsdam, Brandenburg, Kelemānia.
Hiki ke kipa ʻia ma ʻApelila-ʻOkakopa mai 10:00 am a 6:00 pm, a i Nowemapa-Malaki mai 10:00 a 6:00 pm. ʻO kēlā me kēia Pōʻakahi kahi lā hoʻomaha, a ma ka piko o ke komo nui ʻana o ka poʻe mākaʻikaʻi, kaupalena ʻia ke komo ʻana i ka Pōʻalua (aia kahi huakaʻi pūʻulu i hoʻolālā mua ʻia).
- ʻO ke kumukūʻai o kahi likiki maʻamau he 8 €, ʻo kahi likiki ʻoka he 6 €.
- E ʻike ai i nā wahi a pau o ka hale kaulana ʻo Sanssouci ma Potsdam, Kelemānia, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ke kūʻai ʻana i kahi likiki Sanssouci + - nā kumukūʻai piha a me nā hoʻolana he 19 € a me 14 €.
ʻO Tsitsilienhof
ʻO ka mea hoihoi hou aʻe ma Potsdam ka Schloss Cecilienhof. ʻO kēia ka hale aliʻi hope loa i kūkulu ʻia e ka ʻohana Hohenzollern: ma 1913-1917 i kūkulu ʻia no Prince Wilhelm a me kāna wahine ʻo Cecilia.
Ke hoʻāʻo nei e hūnā i ka nui o ka hale kākela, nona nā lumi he 176, ua hoʻākoakoa mākaukau ka mea hoʻolālā i kēlā me kēia hale a puni 5 mau pā. Piʻi nā chimney 55 ma luna o ka hale o ka hale, kekahi o ia mau mea e hana ana, a ʻo kekahi he mau mea hoʻonaninani wale nō. Okoa loa nā chimney āpau! ʻO ke kikowaena o ka hale kākela kahi hale nui, kahi e kū ai kahi alapiʻi lāʻau ākea i ka papahele ʻelua, i nā keʻena pilikino o ka wahine hanohano.
He mea hoihoi! I ke kauwela o 1945, aia ma ka Schloss Cecilienhof ka hālāwai kūkā Potsdam i hana ai, kahi i hui ai nā alakaʻi o nā mana lanakila i ke Kaua Honua II, Truman, Churchill a me Stalin. ʻO ka ʻĀpana Potsdam, i ʻae ʻia e Big Three, i hoʻokumu i ke kumu no kahi kauoha hou i Kelemania: ua hoʻokaʻawale koke ʻia ka ʻāina i ka GDR a me ka FRG, a noho ke kūlanakauhale ʻo Potsdam ma ka Teritori Hikina, kahi ʻāpana o ka GDR.
ʻO kahi ʻāpana liʻiliʻi o ka hale aliʻi Cecilienhof e noho nei i ka Hale Hōʻikeʻike ʻo Potsdam Conference. ʻO nā wahi kahi i mālama ʻia ai ka piko ʻaʻole i loli; aia nō he papaʻaina puni nui, i hana ʻia ma ka hale hana Soviet "Lux" no kēia hanana. A i loko o ka pā, i mua o ka puka komo nui, aia kahi moena pua i hoʻomākaukau like ʻia, i hoʻomoe ʻia i ka makahiki 1945 ma ke ʻano o kahi hōkū ʻulaʻula ʻelima.
ʻO ka hapa nui o nā wahi Cecilienhof ma ka hoʻolilo o 4 * Relexa Schlosshotel Cecilienhof.
Wahi hoʻonāukiuki: Im Neuen Garten 11, 14469 Potsdam, Brandenburg, Kelemānia.
Wehe ʻia ka hale hōʻikeʻike mai ka Poalua a hiki i ka Lāpule e like me ka papa kuhikuhi.
- ʻApelila-ʻOkakopa - mai 10:00 a 17:30;
- ʻO Nowemapa-Malaki - mai 10:00 a 16:30.
Kālā kipa:
- he hele wāwae ma waena o ka māla pili;
- Hale Hōʻikeʻike o ka Potsdam Conference - 8 € piha, 6 € hoʻemi ʻia;
- huakaʻi i nā keʻena pilikino o ke keiki aliʻi a me kāna wahine - 6 € piha a 5 € hoʻemi ʻia.
Hoʻohālikelike i nā kumukūʻai noho me ka hoʻohana ʻana i kēia palapala
Puka ʻo Brandenburg
I ka makahiki 1770, no ka hoʻohanohano ʻana i ka pau ʻana o ke Kaua ʻEhiku Makahiki, ua kauoha ʻo King Frederick II ka Nui i ke kūkulu ʻia ʻana o ka ʻīpuka lanakila ma Potsdam, i kapa ʻia ka puka ʻo Brandenburg.
ʻO ka prototype o ka hanana ka Roman Arch of Constantine. Akā he ʻano hoʻokahi ko Brandenburg Gate: nā helehelena ʻokoʻa. ʻO ka ʻoiaʻiʻo ua hoʻokō ʻia ka hoʻolālā e nā mea hoʻolālā ʻelua - Karl von Gontard lāua ʻo Georg Christian Unger - a ua hana kēlā me kēia i kāna "helehelena" alo.
Wahi hoʻonāukiuki: Luisenplatz, 14467 Potsdam, Brandenburg, Kelemānia.
Kuata Hōlani
Ma 1733-1740, ua kūkulu ʻia he 134 mau hale ma Potsdam no nā mea hana lima Hōlani i hele mai i Kelemania e hana. Ua kūkulu nā hale i kahi palaka holoʻokoʻa (Holländisches Viertel), i mahele ʻia e nā alanui ʻelua i ʻehā mau poloka. ʻO nā hale pōhaku ʻulaʻula gabled hoʻokahi, nā auwai a me nā puka kūmole - kēia hoʻolālā o ka Dutch Quarter me kahi ʻono aupuni expressive e hoʻokaʻawale iā ia mai ke koena o Potsdam.
ʻO Holländisches Viertel me ke alanui nui ʻo Mittelstraße i lilo i ʻano hoʻokipa huakaʻi o ke kūlanakauhale hou. ʻO nā hale nani nā hale hoʻokalakupua, nā hale kūʻai kahiko, nā hale kūʻai souvenir, nā hale hōʻikeʻike kiʻi, nā hale ʻaina maikaʻi a me nā haleʻaina hauʻoli. Aia ka hōʻike ʻo Holländisches Viertel ma Mittelstraße 8, kahi e hiki ai iā ʻoe ke ʻike i nā hiʻohiʻona volumetric o nā hale o ka hapahā, nā mea o ka home o ka lehulehu.
A ʻaʻohe wehewehe a me nā kiʻi o kēia mea hoʻokalakupua ma Potsdam e hōʻike ʻole i kona kala a me ka lewa. ʻO ia ke kumu i wikiwiki ai nā mākaʻikaʻi i ʻike i ke kūlanakauhale Kelemania e kipa mai ma aneʻi.
Hale Hōʻikeʻike ʻo Barberini
I ka hoʻomaka mua o ka makahiki 2017, ua wehe ʻia kahi hale hōʻikeʻike hou, Museum Barberini, ma Potsdam, i loko o kahi hale nani ʻekolu papa me kahi helehelena keʻokeʻo keʻokeʻo. Ua kūkulu ʻia ka Hale Hōʻikeʻike ʻo Barberini e ka mea kōkua ʻo Hasso Plattner, a ua hāʻawi ʻia ka inoa no ka hoʻohanohano ʻana i ka Hale Aliʻi ʻo Barberini i luku ʻia i ke Kaua Honua II. No laila hiki iā ʻoe ke ʻike i kahi mea hou aʻe ma Potsdam.
Hoihoi! Ma hope koke o ka wehe ʻana, ua alakaʻi ʻo Barberini i nā puka hale hōʻikeʻike he 10 kiʻekiʻe o ka makahiki e like me ka Guardian.
Hoʻokumu ʻia ka hōʻike o ka hale hōʻikeʻike kiʻi hou i nā kiʻi pena ʻia mai ka waihona pilikino o Hasso Platner.
- nā hana a nā impressionist a me nā modernist;
- nā hana e hōʻike ana i nā kiʻi ma hope o ke kaua a ma hope ke ʻano o ka GDR;
- Nā kiʻi pena na nā mea pena o kēia wā i hoʻokumu ʻia ma hope o 1989.
Aia nā hōʻike manawa kūlohelohe i ʻelua o nā papa ʻekolu - ua hoʻololi ʻia lākou i ʻekolu mau manawa o ka makahiki. Ma ka pūnaewele official https://www.museum-barberini.com/ hiki iā ʻoe ke ʻike mau i nā hōʻike manawa pōkole e hōʻike nei ka hale hōʻikeʻike i nā lā kikoʻī.
- Wahi hoʻonāukiuki: Humboldtstrasse 5-6, 14467 Potsdam, Brandenburg, Kelemānia.
- Kuhi ʻia ka poʻe kipa ma aneʻi mai 10:00 a 19:00 o kēlā me kēia lā o ka pule, koe ka Poalua. I kēlā me kēia Pōʻahā mua o ka mahina, hāmama nā hōʻikeʻike mai 10:00 a 21:00.
- ʻAe ʻia nā keiki ma lalo o 18 i ka hale hōʻikeʻike me ka uku ʻole. ʻO nā uku komo no nā mākua a me nā mea kōkua he 14 € a me 10 €. I ka hola hope o ka hana, kūpono kahi likiki ahiahi, ʻo ke kumukūʻai holoʻokoʻa he 8 €, kahi kumukūʻai hoʻemi o 6 €.
Belvedere ʻĀkau
ʻO ka Belvedere ma Pfingstberg Mountain, ma ka ʻaoʻao ʻākau o ke kūlanakauhale, mamao aku mai ke kikowaena, kahi mea hoihoi pū kekahi. He mea kupaianaha ka waho o ka paʻakikī (1863): he villa hanohano kēia o ka Renaissance ʻItalia me nā hale kiaʻi kūlua a me kahi kolona nui.
Ua noho mau ʻo Belvedere Pfingstberg i wahi huakaʻi nui no kekahi manawa lōʻihi a hiki i ka makahiki 1961 i kūkulu ʻia ai ka Wall Berlin 155-mika, a ua kaʻawale ka FRG a me ka GDR. Mai ia manawa, ʻo ka belvedere, ka mea i koe me Potsdam i ka GDR, i kiaʻi mau ʻia: he wahi koʻikoʻi ia mai kahi e hiki ai ke kiʻi i ka kapitalista kokoke. E like me nā pūnaewele mōʻaukala i ka GDR, hāʻule mālie ka belvedere i lalo a hāʻule. Ma ke kau waena o 1990, ma hope o ka hoʻohui ʻia o ka GDR me ka FRG, hoʻihoʻi ʻia kahi punahele o nā kamaʻāina he nui.
Aia kahi papa e nānā ai ma ka hale kiaʻi belvedere, kahi e wehe ʻia ai kahi panorama pōʻaiapuni kupaianaha. I ke aniau maikaʻi, mai laila ʻoe hiki ke ʻike ʻaʻole wale ʻo Potsdam holoʻokoʻa, akā ʻo Berlin hoʻi, ma ka liʻiliʻi o ka palena ʻāina kaulana kaulana - ka hale kiaʻi TV.
Loaʻa ka North Belvedere ma Neuer Garten, 14469 Potsdam, Kelemānia.
Nā hola wehe:
- i ʻApelila-ʻOkakopa - i kēlā me kēia lā ma 10:00 a 18:00;
- i Malaki a me Nowemapa - mai 10:00 a 16:00 ma nā Pōʻaono a me Sābati.
Penei nā kumukūʻai (i ka euro):
- balota makua - 4.50;
- ua hōʻemi ʻia ka likiki (nele i ka hana, nā haumāna ma lalo o 30, a pēlā aku) - 3.50;
- nā keiki mai 6 a 16 mau makahiki - 2;
- nā keiki ma lalo o 6 mau makahiki - manuahi ke komo ʻana;
- pepa pili ʻohana (2 mākua, 3 keiki) - 12;
- alakaʻi leo - 1.
Nā koho kūpono kūpono ma Potsdam
Hāʻawi ʻo Booking.com i nā lumi ma mua o 120 mau hōkele ma Potsdam, a me nā keʻena ʻē aʻe he nui. Eia kekahi, ʻaneʻane kokoke i nā hokele a pau o kēia kūlanakauhale i nā pae 3 * a me 4 *. Ke hoʻohana nei i nā kānana kūpono kūpono, hiki iā ʻoe ke koho i nā koho kūpono loa loa, a e kōkua nā loiloi o nā mākaʻikaʻi e hōʻoia i ka pololei o ke koho.
I nā hōkele 3 * hiki ke loaʻa nā lumi pālua no 75 € a me 135 € i kēlā me kēia lā. I ka manawa like, mālama ʻia nā kumukūʻai maʻamau i ka pae mai 90 a 105 €.
Hiki ke hoʻolimalima ʻia kahi lumi pālua i ka hōkele 4 * no 75 - 145 € i kēlā me kēia lā. A ʻo ka helu maʻamau, ʻo 135 - 140 € i kēlā me kēia lumi.
Hiki ke hoʻolimalima ʻia kahi keʻena lumi lumi hoʻoluʻolu hoʻokahi ma ke kūlanakauhale ʻo Potsdam (Kelemānia) no ka averiga o 90 - 110 € i kēlā me kēia lā.
Pehea e hele ai mai Berlin
E noʻonoʻo i ke ala ʻoi loa e hele ai mai Berlin a Potsdam.
ʻO Potsdam kahi suburb o ke kapikala Kelemania, a ua pili kēia mau kūlanakauhale e ka pūnaewele S-Bahn o nā kaʻa uila. ʻO ke kahua kahi e hōʻea ai nā kaʻa ma Potsdam ʻo Potsdam Hauptbahnhof, a hiki iā ʻoe ke haʻalele i ke kapena mai kahi o nā wahi S-Bahn a mai ke kikowaena waena ʻo Friedrichstraße.
Holo nā kaʻaahi a puni ka uaki me kahi wā ma kahi o 10 mau minuke. Lawe ʻia iā 40 mau minuke mai Friedrichstraße a i kāu huakaʻi.
ʻO 3.40 € ke kumukūʻai. Hiki iā ʻoe ke kūʻai aku i nā mīkini kūʻai ma nā kikowaena, a pono ʻoe e kī ma laila. ʻOiai ʻo Potsdam kahi ʻāpana o ka wahi halihali o ke kapitala Kelemania, manuahi ka huakaʻi ʻana me ia me ka Berlin Welcome Card.
Holo pū kekahi nā mokuahi RE a me RB mai ke kahua kaʻaahi Friedrichstrasse o ke kapena a hiki i Potsdam (kūpono nā laina RE1 a me RB21 no kēia kuhikuhi). Lawe ka huakaʻi kaʻaahi i kahi manawa liʻiliʻi (ma kahi o ka hapalua lā), a like ka uku. Hiki ke kūʻai ʻia i ka likiki ma ke keʻena balota o ke kahua a i ʻole ma ka pūnaewele Rail Europe, ka mea loea i nā ala kaʻaahi ma ʻEulopa.
Mea nui! I ʻike pehea e hele ai mai Berlin a Potsdam ma ke kaʻaahi a kaʻaahi paha, ke haʻalele ke kaʻaahi kokoke loa mai kahi kikoʻī kikoʻī, hiki iā ʻoe ke wehewehe i kahi ʻike o ka hoihoi i ka hoʻolālā mākaʻikaʻi pūnaewele no ka pūnaewele kaʻaahi Berlin: https://sbahn.berlin/en/ ...
ʻO nā kumukūʻai āpau ma ka ʻaoʻao no ʻAukake 2019.
Holo mai Berlin a Potsdam - wikiō.