ʻO El Escorial ma Sepania: he hale aliʻi no ke Akua, kahi hale no ke aliʻi

Send

ʻO ka papa kuhikuhipuʻuone ʻo El Escorial (Sepania) ka mea i kapa ʻia ka palena ʻāina pohihihi o Madrid. Akā ʻo nā kaao he nui e hoʻopuni ana i ka mōʻaukala o kēia wahi ʻaʻole ia i ālai iā ia mai ke komo ʻana i ka UNESCO Heritage Heritage List a lilo i hoʻokahi o nā kihi i kipa nui ʻia o ka ʻāina.

ʻIke laulā

ʻO ka El Escorial Palace ma Sepania kahi hale medieval nui a me kekahi o nā palena ʻāina nui loa o ka ʻāina, kūkulu ʻia no ka hoʻomanaʻo ʻana i ka lanakila Sepania ma luna o ka pūʻali koa ʻenemi. ʻO ka hale mana, aia i hoʻokahi hola ka lōʻihi mai Madrid aku, hana i kekahi mau hana i ka manawa hoʻokahi - kahi noho aliʻi, kahi mōneka a me ka hale kupapaʻu nui o nā luna Sepania.

ʻO kekahi o nā hiʻohiʻona hiʻohiʻona o El Escorial, i hoʻohālikelike ʻia i kekahi manawa i ka walu o nā mea kupaianaha o ka honua, ua kapa ʻia ʻo ia he moeʻuhane hoʻolālā maoli.

ʻo ka nele loa o ka nani ostentatious i loko o ka hapa nui o nā hale aliʻi. ʻO kona helehelena ke nānā aku e like me ka hale paʻa ma mua o ka hale aliʻi hanohano. Akā ʻoiai kona koʻikoʻi a me kona pōkole loa, he mea kā San Lorenzo de El Escorial e ʻike ai.

ʻO ka puka komo i ka hale mōneka e kiaʻi ʻia e kahi puka nunui i hana ʻia i ke keleawe maoli. Ma hope o lākou, hiki i ka poʻe kipa ke ʻike i ka pā o nā mōʻī, i hoʻonani ʻia me nā kiʻi o nā aliʻi pono Baibala. Aia ma waenakonu o kēia pā kahi waihona wai kūpili, kahi e pili ana i nā loko wai ʻehā i hoʻonani ʻia me ke kinikini he nui.

ʻO ka maka o ka manu o El Escorial ma Sepania e hōʻike ana ua māhele ʻia i loko o ke ʻano o nā patios liʻiliʻi i hoʻonani ʻia me nā lau nahele lush a pili ʻia e nā kiʻi paʻi kiʻi. ʻOluʻolu ka hoʻonani kūloko o El Escorial me kahi ʻano laulā. Hoʻopau ke kinikini i nā kani hina hina, nā paia i kākoʻo ʻia e ka pena kiʻi noʻeau, nā kiʻi kiʻi hanohano i haku ʻia e nā haku Milanese poʻokela - ua hui maikaʻi ʻia kēia mau mea āpau me ka hanohano o ka hale kupapaʻu a me ka maʻalahi o nā keʻena aliʻi.

ʻO ka haʻaheo nui o ka mōneka ʻo El Escorial ka kuahu hale pule, i hoʻonani ʻia me ka hoʻopuehu ʻia ʻana o nā pōhaku makamae a me nā griotto lehulehu-kala. Hoʻokani pū ʻia ʻo ia i nā ʻahamele mele lumi a me nā hana a ka papa hīmeni a nā keiki kāne kaulana, nona ka mele e hoʻohālikelike ʻia me nā leo o nā ʻānela.

He kūmole mōʻaukala

Ua hoʻomaka ka moʻolelo o San Lorenzo de El Escorial i ka makahiki 1557 me ke kaua o Saint Quentin, ʻoiai ka pūʻali koa o ka Mōʻī Pilipo II i lanakila wale aku ai i ka ʻenemi Farani, akā ua aneane pau loa i ka monastery o St. Lawrence. He kanaka haipule hohonu a makemake e hoʻomau i kona lanakila ma luna o ka pūʻali koa ʻenemi, ua hoʻoholo ka mōʻī e kūkulu i kahi hale mōneka ʻokoʻa.

A laila like nā mea āpau i kahi moʻolelo kaulana. Ke ʻākoakoa nei i nā mea kākau hale ʻelua, 2 mau pōhaku a me nā ʻepekema ʻelua, ua kauoha aku ʻo Philip II iā lākou e ʻimi i kahi wela ʻole a i ʻole anuanu loa, a aia ma kahi mamao aku mai ke kapitala. Ua lilo ia i kumu o ka Sierra de Guadarrama, pale ʻia e nā pali kiʻekiʻe mai nā lā wela o ke kauwela a me ka makani hoʻoilo hoʻoilo.

ʻO ka pōhaku mua i ka hoʻokumu ʻia o ka hale hou i waiho ʻia i ka makahiki 1563, a ʻo ka holomua nō ia o ka holomua, ʻoi aku ka nui o ka makemake o nā hoʻolālā o ka luna Sepania. ʻO ka ʻoiaʻiʻo ʻo Philip II, i hōʻike ʻia e ke olakino olakino a me kahi mea makemake i ka melankoli, ʻaʻole i moeʻuhane i ka hale aliʻi hanohano, akā i kahi noho mālie e hiki ai iā ia ke hoʻomaha i nā hopohopo aliʻi a me nā ʻohana hoʻokipa. ʻO ia ke kumu i lilo ai ʻo El Escorial ma Madrid i hale noho wale nō o ka mōʻī e nohoaliʻi ana, akā he hale mōneka hana hoʻi i noho ʻia e nā novice he nui. A ʻo ka mea nui loa, ma aneʻi i hoʻolālā ai ʻo Philip II e hoʻokō i ke kauoha a Charles V a me ka hoʻolako ʻana i hale kupapaʻu dynastic kahi e kanu ʻia ai nā lālā o kona ʻohana.

ʻO ka hana ʻana o kēia ensemble kuhikuhipuʻuone nunui ka lōʻihi o 20 mau makahiki. I loko o kēia manawa, ua alakaʻi ʻia ʻo ia e kekahi mau mea kākau hale kaulana, e like me kā Michelangelo haumāna a Juan Bautista Toledo. ʻO ka pākuʻi i hoʻopau ʻia he hale nunui, a ʻo Philip II ponoʻī i kapa ʻia "he hale aliʻi no ke Akua a me kahi hale no kahi mōʻī."

Ma ke kikowaena o El Escorial e kū ana kahi hale pule Katolika nui, e hōʻailona ana i ka manaʻo o ka mōʻī i kēlā me kēia mea kālaiʻāina e pili ana i ka wā e hiki mai ana o kona ʻāina pono ʻole e poina e pili ana i kāna mau haipule ponoʻī. Ma ka ʻaoʻao hema aia he hale mōneka, a ma ka ʻaoʻao ʻākau he hale noho aliʻi, a ʻo ka helehelena e hoʻokūpaʻa pono ana i ka ʻano koʻikoʻi o ka mea nona ia.

ʻO ka mea e mahalo ai, ʻo ka hale kupapaʻu, ka hale pule nui, a me nā mea ʻē aʻe he nui o ka paʻakikī i hana ʻia i ke ʻano Desornamentado, ʻo ia hoʻi "unadorned" i Sepania. ʻAʻole ʻokoʻa nā keʻena aliʻi o El Escorial, kahi hui kuʻuna o nā paia keʻokeʻo keʻokeʻo keʻokeʻo a me ka papahele brick maʻalahi. Hōʻike hou kēia mau mea āpau i ko Philip II makemake no ka maʻalahi a me ka hana.

I ka hopena o nā hana āpau, ua hoʻomaka ka mōʻī e hōʻiliʻili i nā canvases o nā mea pena ʻEulopa, e ʻohiʻohi ʻana i kahi hōʻuluʻulu o nā palapala waiwai a me nā puke, a me ka mālama ʻana i nā hanana kaiāulu like ʻole. ʻO ka mea kaulana loa o kēia ka hoʻokūkū chess 1575 i mālama ʻia ma waena o nā mea pāʻani o Sepania a me ʻItalia. ʻO ia ka mea i hopu ʻia i kāna pena kiʻi e ka mea pena kiʻi Venetian ʻo Luigi Mussini.

Kūkulu paʻakikī

ʻO ka El Escorial Palace ma Madrid kahi o nā ʻāpana kūʻokoʻa, kahi kūpono i ka poʻe mākaʻikaʻi e nānā pono ai.

Kahua Aliʻi a i ʻole Pantheon o nā Mōʻī

ʻO ka hale kupapaʻu o nā mōʻī ma Escorial (Sepania) ʻo ia ka mea pohihihi loa a, ʻo ia paha ka ʻaoʻao kaumaha loa o ka paʻakikī. ʻO ka lua kupapaʻu hanohano, i kāhiko ʻia me ke kinikini, iasepi a me keleawe, ua māhele ʻia i ʻelua ʻāpana. ʻO ka mea i kapa ʻia ʻo Pantheon of Kings, he relic o nā mea a pau o Sepania, koe wale nō ʻo Fernando VI, Philip V a me Amadeo o Savoy.

Akā ʻo ka ʻāpana ʻelua o ka hale kupapaʻu, i ʻike ʻia ʻo Pantheon o nā pēpē, "no" nā aliʻi liʻiliʻi a me nā kamāliʻiwahine, ma kahi e hoʻomaha ai kā lākou poʻe mōʻī wahine makuahine. ʻO ka mea hoihoi, ʻaʻole i waiho ʻia kahi lua kupapaʻu i loko o ka hale kupapaʻu, no laila ke hāmama nei ka nīnau no kahi e kanu ʻia ai ka mōʻī a me ka mōʻī wahine i kēia manawa.

Waihona Puke

ʻO ka nui a me ka nui o ka mōʻaukala o ka waihona puke hale aliʻi o El Escorial ka lua o ka hale waihona puke Apostolic Vatican kaulana. Ma waho aʻe o nā palapala i kākau lima ʻia e Mother Teresa, Alfonso the Wise a me St. Augustine, hale ia ka hōʻuluʻulu nui o nā palapala hikina o ka wā kahiko, hana ma ka mōʻaukala a me nā kiʻi paʻi kiʻi, nā code monastery, a me nā almanacs kiʻi ʻia i hana ʻia i ka wā waena.

ʻO ka helu nui o nā hale hōʻikeʻike e pili ana i 40,000. ʻO ka hapa nui o kēia waiwai i waiho ʻia i loko o nā lumi nui i hana ʻia i ka lāʻau waiwai a kōkua ʻia e nā puka aniani aniani. Eia nō naʻe, me kēia ʻano, ʻaʻole paha ʻoe e noʻonoʻo i ke poʻo o kēia a i ʻole kēlā paʻi. ʻO ka ʻoiaʻiʻo ʻo ka waihona El Escorial wale nō ia ma ka honua kahi e hōʻike ʻia nā puke me nā ʻino i loko. Manaʻo ʻia i ka loaʻa ʻole o ka lā pololei, e mālama maikaʻi ʻia nā aʻa, i hoʻonani ʻia me nā hiʻohiʻona kahiko huikau.

Ke nānā aku nei ka hale waihona e kūlike i kāna "poʻe kamaʻāina", ʻo ka hoʻonaninani nui o ia mea he papahele kinikini a me kahi kaupaku pena ʻokoʻa ʻia, nā kiʻi o 7 mau hoʻopaʻi manuahi - geometry, retorika, makemakika, a pēlā aku. pā.

Nā Hale Hōʻikeʻike

Aia ʻelua hale hōʻikeʻike hoihoi i ka panalāʻau o ka Escorial Palace o Madrid. Aia i loko o kekahi o lākou nā kaha kiʻi, nā mana hoʻohālikelike ʻekolu, nā pono hana a me nā hōʻike ʻē aʻe e pili ana i ka moʻaukala o ka hale kupapaʻu kaulana. I kekahi, ʻoi aku ma mua o 1,500 kiʻi pena na Titian, El Greco, Goya, Velazquez a me nā mea pena kiʻi ʻē aʻe (ʻo Sepania a me nā haole kekahi) i hōʻike ʻia.

ʻ claimlelo nā ʻepekema ʻo ke koho ʻana i ka hapa nui o nā kiʻi pena ʻia e alakaʻi ʻia e Philip II ponoʻī, ka mea i loaʻa kahi ʻona noʻeau. Ma hope o kona make ʻana, ua hana pū kekahi mau hoʻoilina ʻē aʻe i ka noho aliʻi Sepania i ka hoʻopiha hou ʻana i ka hōʻiliʻili waiwai. Ma ke ala, i kekahi o nā keʻena 9 o kēia hale hōʻikeʻike hiki iā ʻoe ke ʻike i nā palapala ʻāina he nui i hōʻuluʻulu ʻia i kēlā mau manawa mamao. Inā he manawa kāu, e hoʻohālikelike iā lākou me kā lākou mau hoa o kēia au - kahi hana hoihoi loa.

Nā pāka a me nā māla

ʻAʻohe hoihoi iki o El Escorial ma Sepania nā māla hale aliʻi ma ka ʻaoʻao hema a me ka hikina o ka mōneka. Hana ʻia lākou i ke ʻano o nā kinona like ʻole a kanu ʻia me nā haneli o nā pua exotic a me nā mea kanu. He loko iʻa ka paka, kahi e lana ai kahi ʻāpana keʻokeʻo swans i kēlā me kēia manawa, a me kekahi mau punawai nani i kūpono kūpono i kahi ākea.

Hale Pule Nui ʻo El Real

Ke nānā nei i nā kiʻi o El Escorial, he mea hiki ʻole ke nānā ʻole i ka hale pule Katolika nui, ka nani o ia mea e hoʻohiwahiwa maoli ai i ka poʻe kipa. ʻO kekahi o nā mea hoʻonani nui o El Real nā frescoes kahiko, e uhi ana ʻaʻole wale i ke kaupaku holoʻokoʻa, akā ʻo ka wahi hoʻi ma luna o ʻehā mau kakana kuahu. ʻLelo lākou ʻaʻole wale ka Paniolo, akā ʻo nā haku Venetian kekahi i hana i kā lākou hana.

ʻAʻole hoihoi iki ka retablo waena, kahi kuahu i hoʻolālā ʻia e ka luna hale aliʻi. ʻO nā kiʻi pena i kēia ʻāpana o ka hale pule nui i kāhiko ʻia me ke gula maʻemaʻe, ʻoiai nā kiʻi o ka ʻohana aliʻi e kukuli nei i ka pule i hana ʻia me ka marble keʻokeʻo hau.

A hoʻokahi mea hoihoi hou aʻe! Wahi a ka hoʻolālā kumu, ua manaʻo ʻia ke kiʻekiʻe o ka hale pule ʻo El Real Cathedral ke kiʻekiʻe loa. Eia nō naʻe, ma ke kauoha a ka Vatican, ua waiho ʻia ma ke kiʻekiʻe o 90 m - inā ʻaʻole i ʻoi aku ke kiʻekiʻe ma mua o St. Peter ma Roma.

ʻIke kūpono

ʻO ka Escorial Palace, aia ma Av Juan de Borbón y Battemberg, 28200, hāmama i ka makahiki holoʻokoʻa, a hilinaʻi wale nā hola kipa i ke kau.

ʻOkakopa - Malaki: mai 10:00 a 18:00;
ʻApelila - Kepakemapa: mai 10:00 a 20:00.

Kaha! Ma ka Pōʻakahi, pani ʻia ka hale mōneka, hale aliʻi a me ka hale kupapaʻu!

ʻO ke kumukūʻai o kahi likiki maʻamau ʻo 10 €, me kahi hōʻemi - 5 €. Pani ke keʻena balota i hoʻokahi hola ma mua o ka hopena o ka paʻakikī. ʻO ke komo hope loa i kāna panalāʻau i loko o ka wā like o ka manawa. No ka ʻike hou aku, e ʻike i ka pūnaewele official El Escorial - https://www.patrimonionacional.es/en.

ʻO nā kumukūʻai ma ka ʻaoʻao no Nowemapa 2019.

Hoʻohālikelike i nā kumukūʻai noho me ka hoʻohana ʻana i kēia palapala

Nā ʻōlelo aʻoaʻo pono

Ke hoʻolālā nei e kipa i kahi mōneka, hale aliʻi a hale kupapaʻu paha o nā mōʻī ma El Escorial (Sepania), e hoʻolohe i nā ʻōlelo i lalo:

ʻAʻole hiki i nā limahana o ka paʻakikī ke ʻōlelo Pelekania maikaʻi, no laila pono ʻoe e nīnau i kāu nīnau āpau i ka Paniolo.
Pono e waiho i nā ʻūlū, ʻeke a me nā mea nui ʻē aʻe i nā laka kūikawā, nā laka, e hana ana i ke kumu o ka lawelawe pilikino. Ua uku ʻia 1 €.

ʻAʻole ʻae ʻia ke kiʻi ʻana i nā kiʻi i loko o ka hale - nānā nui nā kiaʻi he nui i kēia.
ʻO nā mea kipa e hele mai i ka hale mōneka e kā lākou ponoʻī a i ʻole nā kaʻa hoʻolimalima hiki ke waiho iā ia i ka wahi kaʻa i uku ʻia ma ka puka.
A he mau huaʻōlelo hou aʻe e pili ana i ke alakaʻi leo: ma ke koho paʻamau, koho ka mea hoʻokipa i kahi huakaʻi no 120 mau minuke. I ka manawa like, ʻaʻohe mea e kikoʻī aia aia kahi mana hoʻonui i kū i hoʻokahi hola ka lōʻihi.
Akā ʻaʻole wale kēlā! No ka hoʻolimalima ʻana i kahi alakaʻi leo, i hana ʻia ma ke ʻano o ka papapihi me 1 earphone, koi nā limahana o ka hale kupapaʻu i kahi passport a i ʻole kāleka hōʻaiʻē ma ke ʻano he waihona, nā mea makemake nui ʻole ʻia e hāʻawi i nā lima hewa. Ma ka laulā, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi ʻaʻole e huikau me.
No ka hele wāwae, koho i nā kāmaʻa hōʻoluʻolu loa - pono ʻoe e hele wāwae nui ma aneʻi, a eia hoʻi, i luna a i lalo.
Aia nā alakaʻi leo, akā ʻaʻole nui o ka ʻike a monotonous ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka hana me ka ʻole o lākou. Inā makemake ʻoe ʻaʻole e nānā wale i kahi o nā mea hoihoi nui o Madrid, akā e aʻo pū i nā mea hoihoi e pili ana i ke ola o nā aliʻi kūloko, e hui pū me kahi huakaʻi mākaʻikaʻi i hoʻonohonoho ʻia. Kākoʻo ʻia kēia hoʻoholo e ka ʻoiaʻiʻo o ka hapa nui o nā hōʻike i wehewehe ʻia ma ka Paniolo.

Ma nā panalāʻau o ka El Escorial complex (Sepania) aia kekahi mau hale kūʻai hoʻomanaʻo e hiki ai iā ʻoe ke kūʻai i nā mea hoihoi loa.
No kahi nahu e ʻai ai, e iho i lalo i ka hale ʻaina o ka mōneka. ʻLelo lākou lawelawe lākou i nā meaʻai ʻono ma laila. Hiki iā ʻoe ke koho mai nā koho 3 no nā papa mua a ʻelua hoʻi, a ua hoʻokomo ʻia ka wai a me ka waina i ke kumu kūʻai. Ma ke ʻano he koho hope loa, e noho i lalo no kahi pīkino ma ka pā nui e kū i waho o ka hale kupapaʻu.