ʻO Vardzia - ke kūlanakauhale ana o Geokia
Nani Vardzia, Keokia ... ʻO kēia wahi monastic kūikawā, kālai ʻia i loko o ka pōhaku, aia ia ma ka hema komohana o ka ʻāina i ke awāwa o ka muliwai ʻo Kura.
ʻAʻole i ola ke kūlanakauhale ana o Vardzia i ke ala a nā mea hana i manaʻo ai ia i ke kenekulia XII, akā, kānalua ʻole, he ʻano ʻokoʻa ko kēia wahi. A i ka hohonu hohonu ʻana i loko o kēia pōhaku "puʻu termite", ʻaʻole hiki i kekahi ke kahaha i ka mākau a me ke ahonui o nā mea kūkulu medieval.
ʻO ka mōʻaukala o Vardzia pohihihi
ʻO Vardzia (a i ʻole Vardzia) kahi kūlanakauhale ana i kālai ʻia i nā pōhaku tuff māmā. ʻO kona makuahine ʻo Mount Erusheti. Aia ke kūlanakauhale ma kahi kiʻekiʻe o 1300 m ma luna o ka pae kai. Ua hoʻomaka ka papahana nunui ʻeiwa mau makahiki i hala aku nei, i ke au o Tsar George III, a laila o kāna hoʻoilina wahine, ʻo Queen Tamara, ka mea i ʻike nui ʻia i ko mākou ʻāina. ʻO ka hana nui loa i hoʻomaka ʻia ʻaʻole ma waho wale nō o kahi makemake: ua manaʻo ʻia ke kūlanakauhale e lilo i puʻuhonua i ka wā o ka hoʻouka kaua a ka ʻenemi. Ua pāʻani ka ʻāina pōhaku i ka lima o ka poʻe Georgia: ua lilo ka hale paʻa i impregnable no ka ʻenemi. I nā ana o Vardzia, hiki i ka iwakālua tausani kānaka ke peʻe.
Ma waho o nā keena kahi e hiki ai ke noho, hāʻawi pū nā mea kūkulu i nā keʻena mālama, nā waihona puke, nā hale pule, kahi haukapila, a me nā hale inu waina. Ua kūkulu ka tsarina i ka hale pule o ka Dormition o ka Theotokos Hemolele Loa. Eia nō naʻe, i ke kenekulia XIII (ma hope o hoʻokahi haneli mau makahiki), ua luku kahi ʻōlaʻi i kahi ʻāpana o ka mauna e uhi ana i ke kūlanakauhale, a mai ia manawa aia nā labyrinths pōhaku o Vardzia ma luna. Ua lilo i hiki ʻole ke peʻe ma aneʻi.
Akā ʻaʻole i pau ka pilikia ma laila. Aloha nui ʻia kēia wahi e nā ʻenemi like ʻole. Ua hele mai nā pōwā ma aneʻi i kēlā me kēia manawa, e hoʻouka nei i nā lehulehu. I ka waena o ke kenekulia 16, ua hōʻea ke ahi ma Vardzia, kahi i hāpai ai i kahi haʻawina ikaika ma ka papa kuhikuhipuʻuone. ʻO ka mea kupanaha, ua loaʻa i ke ahi kāna pono ponoʻī: ʻo ka soot, ka mea i uhi paʻa i nā kiʻi a me nā frescoes, i kōkua i ka hoʻololi ʻole ʻana.
ʻO ke kūlanakauhale ana o ke ana ma Georgia, Vardzia, kahi hale mōneka i kēia manawa. I kēia mau lā, aia ʻo Vardzia ma ka palena o Keokia, a i ka wā kahiko ʻo ia ka puʻuwai o ka ʻāina, holo nui kahi aʻa lawe nui ma aneʻi. I ka wā i hopu ʻia ʻo Georgia e ka Ottoman Empire, kū ke ola ma laila. ʻLelo lākou ua puhi nā Turks i nā mōneka i loko o ka luakini. I ka hala ʻana o ʻelua haneli mau makahiki wale nō, ua hoʻokuʻu nā koa Lūkia i ke kūlanakauhale, a hanu hou ka moneka.
Heluhelu pū kekahi: Adjara - nā hiʻohiʻona o ka ʻāina kiʻi o Georgia.
Aia ma hea ʻo Vardzia a pehea e kiʻi ai i aneʻi?
He keiki ʻo Vardzia no ka mauna. He lōʻihi ka manawa e hele ai ma aneʻi mai nā kūlanakauhale nui kokoke. ʻO ke ala kūpono loa e hele ai ma aneʻi e ka minibus mai ke kūlanakauhale hema o Akhaltsikhe. Pehea e kiʻi ai iā Akhaltsikhe ʻike ma kēia ʻaoʻao.
Mai Akhaltsikhe a hiki i Vardzia, haʻalele nā kaʻa ʻōhua i 4 manawa i ka lā: ʻo ka mua ma 10:30, a laila ma 12:20, 16:00 a ʻo ka hope ma 17:30. ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi e lele i ka lele mua, akā ʻo ia ka mea i makemake nui ʻia - nui nā poʻe e makemake e kipa i nā monasteries ana - no laila e hele i ka minibus ma mua a noho. Hoʻohui ʻia, loli paha ka papa kuhikuhi a hoʻolohi ʻia paha nā pahi. E hōʻoia i nā kikoʻī a pau ma ke kaʻa ʻōhua ma mua o ka huakaʻi. Kuhi ʻia kahi likiki he 6-8 GEL, a e hoʻolilo ana ʻoe ma kahi o hoʻokahi hola a me ka hapa ma ke ala. Haʻalele ke kaʻa ʻōhua hope loa ma 15:00.
Hoʻohālikelike i nā kumukūʻai noho me ka hoʻohana ʻana i kēia palapala
ʻO Vardzia - pehea e kiʻi ai i kāu iho mai Tbilisi?
ʻOi aku ka paʻakikī e kiʻi i ke kūlanakauhale ana mai ke kapikala o Georgia, no ka mea ʻoi aku ka mamao ma waena o lākou, ʻoi aku ma mua o ʻelua haneli mau kilomita. E hauʻoli ka poʻe hoʻokele kaʻa kaʻa e lawe iā ʻoe, akā ʻaʻole ia he leʻaleʻa ʻoluʻolu, pono ʻoe e kolo i 350 GEL.
ʻAʻohe ala holo kaʻa pololei mai Tbilisi a i Vardzia. ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi e kiʻi i ka Akhaltsikhe i ʻōlelo ʻia aʻe a mai laila e hele i kāu wahi i lawe ʻia e ke minibus. Mai ke kapikala, haʻalele nā kaʻa ʻōhua mai ke kahua kaʻa kau ma ke kahua kuʻikuʻi ʻo Didube ke hoʻopiha.
Aia kekahi ala mai Rustavi a hiki i Vardzia. Holo kāna ala i loko o ke kapikala o Georgia, akā ʻaʻole pono ʻoe e hilinaʻi nui iā ia, no ka mea, huli wale ka mea hoʻokele iā Tbilisi inā loaʻa nā noho hakahaka. A ʻaʻole pinepine lākou.
Kaha! He aha e ʻike ai ma Tbilisi, e ʻike pono ma kēia ʻaoʻao, a ʻo kahi alakaʻi alakaʻi Lūkini e koho ai i ke kūlanakauhale, e heluhelu i nā hōʻike ma aneʻi.
Pehea e hele ai mai Borjomi a hiki i Vardzia?
ʻAʻohe minibus pololei (hou, mai Akhaltsikhe wale nō), akā aia kahi ala maikaʻi. Hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻokele palekana i kahi kaʻa hoʻolimalima. ʻO ka mea mua, ma ke kahawai ʻo Borjomi, kahi i pāhola ʻia nā hale aliʻi hanohano ma nā pali kiʻi nani, i kēia manawa no ka hapa nui ua lilo lākou i mea hōʻino ʻia. A laila hoʻololi ka ʻāina, lilo i neoneo. Mai kānalua nā mauna olohelohe o Georgia e hōʻike i ko lākou nani a pau.
I ka hōʻea ʻana i Vardzia, hiki iā ʻoe ke loaʻa maʻalahi i nā wahi kaʻa, a me kahi cafe me nā meaʻai a Georgian. Ma ke ala, inā ʻoe e hoʻolālā ana i kahi huakaʻi i ke ahiahi, a laila e hoʻomanaʻo e haʻalele ana ka minibus hope loa iā Vardzia ma 3 pm. Pono ʻoe e hitchhike i hope a lawe paha i kahi kaʻa kaʻa. Aia kahi hale hoʻokipa ma kahi kokoke. ʻO ka poʻe i hiki ke ola me ka ʻole o ka ʻoluʻolu e ʻae ʻia e kūkulu i hale lole ma ka wāwae.
E hoʻomanaʻo i ka manawa no nā minibus a me nā kaʻa ʻōhua ma Keokia e hoʻololi pinepine ai, no laila e aho e nānā mua ia ma ke kahua kaʻa ʻōhua - ma ke kelepona a ma kahi paha.
Ma kahi memo: ʻO ka mea e ʻike a hana ai ma Borjomi.
He aha e ʻike ai?
I ka lanakila ʻana ma ke ala lōʻihi, hiki iā ʻoe ke ʻike i ka puka o ka mōneka. I ka hohonu, hāmama nā pūnaewele mōneka no ka poʻe mākaʻikaʻi, ʻaʻole hoʻi nā mea a pau. Ma hope o ka halepule nā alaloa ololi o ka ana o ka ana. Aia nā ala i nā pae like ʻole, a ma waena o nā kulu he mau ʻanuʻu pōhaku kumu. E noʻonoʻo wale: he ʻumikūmākolu mau papahele, i hoʻohui ʻia e kahi ʻōnaehana paʻakikī o nā ala hele a me nā alaloa.
I kēia manawa ma ka mōneka Vardzia he ʻeono mau kāhuna pule, he pōpoki kā lākou hui. Ke nānā aku nei nā hunaola i ka monotonous, akā ma kahi kaʻawale o lākou aia kekahi mau lumi me nā noho pōhaku, a me nā lumi mālama me nā wahi like ʻole. Hāʻawi nā paepae nānā me nā noho i ka nani loa i nā kahakaha mauna: ke kahawai ʻo Kura mālie, nā pōhaku nunui ʻole, ka hale paʻa ʻo Tmogvi. Inā ʻoe e nānā pono, hiki iā ʻoe ke ʻike i ka palena o Georgia me Turkey. Hiki iā ʻoe ke hele i nā loko me ka wai sulfuric.
ʻO ka momi nui o Vardzia, nā kiʻi e hōʻoia i kēia, ua lilo i luakini o ka Assump of the Blessing Virgin Mary. Aia ia i loko o ka puʻuwai o ka pōhaku, hiki iā ʻoe ke hele wāwae iā ia ma nā alaloa. Hoʻonani ʻia ke kuahu a me nā paia o ka luakini me nā fresko kahiko. Ua mālamalama nā ʻaoʻao āpau i loko o ka pōhaku. Aia kahi punawai ma ka puka, hiki iā ʻoe ke inu a hōʻiliʻili wai.
Papa kuhikuhi a me nā kumukūʻai
I ke kauwela, wehe ʻia nā manawa hou aku i ka poʻe mākaʻikaʻi. I ka hoʻoilo, pani ʻia nā ʻāpana he nui o ka mōneka - malia paha no ke anuanu a me ka hau, ke weliweli ke kipa ʻana iā lākou. Ma ka laulā, wehe ke kūlanakauhale kahiko o Georgia i ka makahiki holoʻokoʻa: mai 10 a 18 mau hola i ke kauwela a mai 10 a 17 i ka hoʻoilo.
- E uku ʻoe i 15 lari no ka likiki komo. Hāʻawi ʻia nā pūʻulu i nā hōʻemi, inā ʻākoakoa nā kānaka he ʻumi a ʻoi, hāʻawi wale kēlā me kēia i ʻelua lari
- Nui nā mea e ʻike ai, no laila ma ka awelika ke hele nei ʻekolu hola, a ʻoi aku paha.
- Aia kekahi alakaʻi ma ka pūnaewele, hiki iā ʻoe ke kauoha i kāna lawelawe ma ka puka komo, 45 GEL ke kumukūʻai.
ʻO nā kumukūʻai ma ka ʻaoʻao no Malaki 2020.
E ʻike i nā PRICES a i ʻole puke paha i kahi noho me ka hoʻohana ʻana i kēia palapala
A hoihoi kēia!
Aia kekahi kaʻao e pili ana i ka inoa o ke kūlanakauhale kupaianaha o Georgia. I ke kamaliʻi, ua hele ʻo Queen Tamara ma waena o nā ana me kona ʻanakala a nalowale iki. Ua ʻuwā ke kaikamahine: "Ak var, dziya!", Unuhi ʻia mai ka ʻōlelo Georgian ʻo ia hoʻi "Eia wau, e ʻanakala!" Me ka hopohopo ʻole, ua hāʻawi kona makuakāne i ka inoa kūpono i ke kūlanakauhale ana.
Aia kekahi moʻolelo hoʻomākeʻaka, me ka paʻi o ka mysticism. I ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ke kūkulu ʻana iā Vardzia, ua kū ka pilikia i ka poʻe hana. Ua hoʻolālā mua ʻia e hoʻomaka i ka hana ma kahi pōhaku ʻē aʻe, akā paʻakikī ka pōhaku. ʻAʻole makemake ʻo ia e hāʻawi, a laila - ma ka ʻaoʻao ʻē - haki pono ʻole ʻia. Ma ke ʻano laulā, ʻaʻole holo pono. Haʻalele nā mea hana luhi i nā pono hana āpau ma ke kuahiwi i ke ahiahi a hiamoe.
I ke kakahiaka, hiki hou lākou i ka pōhaku, ʻaʻohe mea kani ma kahi. Loaʻa iā lākou ma kahi kokoke o kahi mauna kokoke. I ka lā aʻe, ua hana hou nā mea āpau, a laila maopopo i ka poʻe - he hōʻailona kēia. Ua lawe ʻia ka hana i kahi pōhaku hou, a i kēia manawa ʻike ʻia ʻo Vardzia.
ʻO Vardzia, ʻo Georgia kahi wahi kūʻokoʻa pono ʻole. ʻAʻole paha ia e like me ka photogenic e like me nā kahakai me nā niu niu, akā hāʻawi ia i kona mōʻaukala me ʻoe. Kaao e ola ana. I ka hiki ʻana ma aneʻi, ʻaʻole ʻoe e poina i kēia mau alaloa pohihihi pau ʻole, kahi, me he mea lā, ke ʻauana nei ke ʻuhane o Tamara nani ...
Nā ʻōlelo aʻoaʻo pono
- Aia nā punawai me ka wai inu ma ka ʻāina o ke ana o ke ana, no laila mai hopohopo inā poina iā ʻoe ke lawe pū me ʻoe.
- Pono pono e ʻaʻahu kūpono i ka mōneka: e uhi ʻia nā poʻohiwi a me nā kuli.
- E komo i nā kāmaʻa ʻoluʻolu a pono hoʻi e komo i ka pāpale - i ke kauwela i kēia ʻāpana o Georgia hiki ke wela, wela loa.
- Inā ʻoe e hoʻolālā e huakaʻi i Vardzia e nā kaʻa lehulehu, lawe i ka lele mua, inā ʻaʻole ʻoe e makaʻala i ka loaʻa ʻole o ka manawa e ʻike ai i nā mea āpau a haʻalele paha i ke kaʻa mua e hele ana i Akhaltsikhe ma 15:00. Hiki iā ʻoe ke noho i ka pō ma kekahi o nā hōkele kokoke i nā ana.
ʻO ka ʻike nui mai ka poʻe huakaʻi no ka poʻe e makemake ana e ʻike iā Vardzia - i kēia wikiō.