ʻO Colossi o Memnon - nā kiʻi hīmeni ma ʻAigupita
ʻO ke Colossi o Memnon kekahi o nā mea pohihihi a ʻano like ʻole hoʻi o ʻAigupita, a lilo ia i mea kaulana a puni ka honua i nā wā kahiko ma muli o ka hiki iā ia ke "mele".
ʻIke laulā
ʻO ke Colossi o Memnon a i ʻole el-Colossat ma ʻAigupita he mau kiʻi nunui ʻelua a Paraʻo Amenhotep III, paʻa i ka pōhaku, nona nā makahiki i hiki i 3400 mau makahiki. Aia lākou ma kahi kokoke i ke awāwa o nā mōʻī ma Luxor a kokoke i nā kapa o ka muliwai Nile.
Wahi a nā kānaka ʻepekema, he ʻano kiaʻi ke Colossi ma ke ala e hele aku ai i ka luakini nui o Amenhotep, kahi i hoʻopau loa ʻia. Noho nā kiʻi o nā pharaohs i mua o nā kapa o ka Nile a nānā i ka puka ʻana o ka lā, e ʻōlelo nei i ko lākou manaʻo hōʻailona.
Maʻalahi loa ke kiʻi ʻana i nā kiʻi o Memnon - aia lākou ma waenakonu o ke kūlanakauhale kahiko o Luxor, a ʻike ʻia mai kahi mamao aku. ʻO ka maʻamau, hoʻonohonoho ʻia nā huakaʻi e kipa i kēia mau wahi, akā inā hiki, e hele mai ma ʻaneʻi wale nō - ma kēia ala ʻaʻole ʻoe e ʻike i ka ikehu o kēia wahi, akā hiki nō hoʻi ke noho a puni nā kiʻi kiʻi no kahi manawa lōʻihi.
Kumu o ka inoa
I ka ʻōlelo ʻAlapia, ua like ka inoa o ka mea hoʻohihi me "el-Colossat" a i ʻole "es-Salamat". He mea hoihoi ia e kāhea mau ka poʻe noho ma ʻAigupita i kēia wahi no laila i kēia lā, akā ʻike ka haole he kiʻi ia o Memnon mahalo i ka poʻe Helene - i ko lākou hōʻea ʻana i ʻAigupita a nīnau aku i nā kamaʻāina no ka inoa o kēia mau kiʻi hanohano, ua ʻōlelo ko ʻAigupita i ka huaʻōlelo "mennu", i hoʻohana ʻia i inoa o nā kiʻi o nā pharaoh noho. ...
ʻO ka poʻe Helene, ke kuhi hewa ʻole i ke ʻano o ka huaʻōlelo, ua hoʻomaka lākou e hoʻopili iā Colossi me Memnon, kekahi o nā mea komo i ka Trojan War. Aia ma lalo o kēia inoa a mākou e ʻike ai i kēia mau hiʻohiʻona i kēia lā.
He kūmole mōʻaukala
Ua kūkulu ʻia ke Colossi o Memnon ma ʻAigupita ma kahi o ka 16th kenekulia BC. e., a ma kahi o 3000 mau makahiki ma Thebes, aia ma kahi o kekahi mau kilomita mai Luxor.
ʻO kahi a Colossi o Memnon e noho nei i uhi mau ʻia i nā mea huna i kēia lā. Manaʻo ka poʻe mōʻaukala ua kūkulu ʻia nā kiʻi pōhaku ma aneʻi ma ke ʻano he kiaʻi - kū lākou ma ka puka o ka luakini nui loa ma ʻAigupita, ka luakini nui o Amenhotep. Minamina, ʻaneʻane ʻaʻohe mea i koe o kēia hale nani, akā ua ola ka Colossi.
ʻOiaʻiʻo, ma muli o nā kūlana maikaʻi ʻole o ke aniau (ke kahawai mau nei ka wai i ke kumu o nā kiʻi pōhaku), e hālohi mālie ana hoʻi nā Colossi, akā hilinaʻi nā mea hoʻomaha e hiki iā lākou ke kū no hoʻokahi kenekulia.
Wahi a nā ʻepekema, ʻo ke kiʻi hema ʻo Amenhotep III ponoʻī, ma kona mau wāwae e noho ana kāna wahine a me kāna keiki. Ma ka ʻaoʻao ʻākau ke akua ʻo Hapi - ka mea mālama o ka Nile. ʻO ke kiʻi ʻākau ke kiʻi o Amenhotep III a me kona makuahine, Queen Mutemvia.
Ma kahi memo: heluhelu e pili ana i ke awāwa o nā mōʻī ma Luxor i kēia ʻatikala.
Hōʻailona mele
I ka makahiki 27 BC. e luku ʻia kahi ʻāpana liʻiliʻi o ka luakini a me ke kiʻi ʻākau o Colossus. Wahi a nā moʻolelo i loaʻa, ua hiki mai kēia ma muli o ke ōlaʻi ikaika. Hoʻokaʻawale ke kiʻi o ka pharaoh, a mai kēlā manawa hoʻomaka e "mele". I kēlā me kēia lā i ka wanaʻao, lohe ʻia kahi wīwī māmā mai ka pōhaku, ke kumu o ka ʻike ʻole o nā ʻepekema. ʻO kekahi o nā mana hou aʻe he loli ikaika i ka mahana o ka ea, ma muli o ka wai e hoʻoliʻiliʻi ai i loko o ke kiʻi.
Ke pāhaʻi nei i ka lohe ʻana o kēlā me kēia kanaka i kāna mea ponoʻī i loko o kēia mau kani. ʻ saidlelo ka hapa nui me he mea lā e haki ana ke kaula lira, ua ʻike kekahi poʻe e like me ke kani ʻana o nā nalu, a ʻo kekahi poʻe hoʻi ua lohe lākou i kahi mea ʻāwīwī.
ʻO ka mea e pīhoihoi ai, ka poʻe kamaʻāina o Helene, me ka manaʻoʻiʻo i kapa ʻia nā kiʻi akua ma hope o ko lākou koa, ua hele mai lākou me kahi kaʻao ʻē aʻe. Manaʻoʻiʻo lākou ʻo nā leo mai ka pōhaku nā waimaka o kahi makuahine i nalowale kāna keiki i ke kaua.
ʻO nā kiʻi hīmeni nā pae ʻāina kaulana loa i ka honua kahiko, a he nui nā mea mōʻaukala a me nā ʻemepela o kēlā manawa i ʻike e pili ana i nā ʻano kūpanaha o nā pōhaku. No laila, i ka 19 A.D. Ua kipa ʻia kēia mau wahi e Germanicus, kahi alakaʻi koa a me ka luna politika o Roma. ʻOiai ʻoi aku ka mea hiki ʻole ke ʻike ʻia nā leo i hoʻoili ʻia e ke kiʻi ma ke ʻano he kūmole, a ʻo nā mea hoʻokani pila a pau o ia manawa ua hoʻokani lākou i kā lākou mau mea kani, e kia ana i ke kani ʻana o kahi pōhaku.
Minamina, ua hāmau ka pōhaku ma kahi o 1700 mau makahiki. Maliʻa, ua hana ʻia kēia ma muli o ke aliʻi Roma o Septemy Severus, nāna i kauoha e hoʻohui hou i nā ʻāpana āpau o ke kiʻi. Ma hope o kēlā ʻaʻohe mea i lohe i ka "mele".
ʻIkepili Hoihoi
- ʻO ka mea hoihoi, hiki iā ʻoe ke kipa manuahi me nā manuahi me ka uku ʻole - makemake nui ʻia ka mea hoihoi, akā ʻaʻole i uku nā luna i ka puka komo. No nā kumu maopopo, ʻaʻole hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻokokoke loa aku iā Colossi - puni lākou i ka pā haʻahaʻa, a ke nānā pono nei nā kiaʻi i nā poʻe mākaʻikaʻi.
- Kūkā ka poʻe huakaʻi ʻike ma mua o ka huakaʻi e heluhelu ai i kekahi mau ʻike mai ka moʻolelo o ʻAigupita (a i ʻole, ma kēia wahi) a i ʻole lawe i kahi alakaʻi kūloko me ʻoe, no ka mea me ka ʻole o ka wehewehe ʻana, he kiʻi kiʻi maʻamau kēia ma waena o ke kūlanakauhale make.
- ʻOiai ʻo ka luku ʻia o ka luakini waena, hiki nō ke kipa aku iā ia - ua hana nā luna o ʻAigupita i kekahi mea e like me ka hale hōʻikeʻike, e hoʻokau nei i nā pā i loko o ka pākuʻina me ka hōʻike kikoʻī o ke ʻano o kēlā me kēia hale.
- Wahi a ka poʻe mōʻaukala, ma ka liʻiliʻi he 30 mau mika ke kiʻekiʻe o ke Colossi, akā i kēia manawa ʻaʻole paʻakikī lākou i 18. Akā ua mau ke kaumaha o lākou - ma kahi o 700 tone i kēlā me kēia.
- He mea hoihoi ua hoʻopau ʻia nā kiʻi o Memnon mai nā mea o kēia ao, ʻoiai ʻaʻole i loaʻa nā ʻāpana kumu - ka mea nui, ua hoʻohiolo ʻia lākou e nā kamaʻāina kūloko no nā hana waho.
ʻO ke Colossi o Memnon kekahi o nā hiʻona kūkulu nui o ʻAigupita, ka hoihoi i lawe ʻole ʻia e nā luakini Luxor a Karnak paha e kokoke ana.
ʻO Colossi o Memnon ma o nā maka o kahi mākaʻikaʻi: