He aha ka pseudobulb i kahi orchid: nā hiʻohiʻona a me nā kiʻi o nā kūpuna lewa
ʻO nā Orchids he mea kanu kahiko a ʻano ʻē hoʻi, ma nā ʻano like ʻole i nā pua a mākou e maʻa ai. Hoʻomaopopo ʻia ke ʻano exotic o ko lākou helehelena a me ke ʻano, ʻo ka mea mua, ma ke ʻano kūlohelohe lākou e noho nei i nā ʻano kikoʻī - nā ululāʻau pāheona, wela, ʻeleʻele a ʻeleʻele, a, ʻokoʻa nā pua maʻamau, ulu ʻole lākou i ka lepo, akā ma nā kumu lāʻau a me nā pōhaku ...
ʻO nā ʻāpana a lākou i loaʻa ai i ke kaʻina o ka evolution e kōkua iā lākou e kū i ka wela a me ka wela, a e kiʻi maoli i ka meaʻai a me ka wai "mai ka lewa." ʻO Bulba kahi hiʻohiʻona maikaʻi loa o ia ʻano meaola.
He aha ia?
ʻO ka inoa "bulba" mai ka huaʻōlelo Latina bulbus, ʻo ia hoʻi "onion"... Ke mānoanoa nei kēia ʻōpala ma ke kumu o ke kī pua orchid e mālama nei i ka wai a me nā meaola. I nā ʻano orchids he nui, like ke ʻano o ka u kukui me kahi ipukukui, akā mamao loa kēia mai ke koho palapala wale nō, hiki i nā puʻupuʻu ke:
- poepoe;
- ovoid;
- pālahalaha;
- paukūʻolokaʻa;
- fusiform;
- conical.
OLELO HOOLAHA: ʻO nā ʻōpuʻu Orchid he ʻokoʻa loa ka nui: mai kahi mau mile a i 15 mau kenimika, kaukaʻi ʻia i ka genus a me nā ʻano.
Loaʻa nā puʻupuʻu i nā orchids sympoidal wale nō.... Hiki i kēia mau orchids me nā ʻōiwi kū i ʻaoʻao he nui ke "hiki ke ulu" i nā mea mālama mālama kūikawā mai nā pua he nui. Hoʻokahi wale nō koʻokoʻo o nā monchidal orchids, ʻaʻole ulu iki nā ʻaoʻao, no laila ʻaʻohe o lākou mea e hana ai i nā puʻu. Hōʻiliʻili lākou i ka momona i nā lau mānoanoa, momona.
He kiʻi
Ma lalo hiki iā ʻoe ke ʻike i nā ʻōpuʻu a me nā pseudobulbs i ke kiʻi.
He aha ka ʻokoʻa ma waena o ka ʻoiaʻiʻo a me ka wahaheʻe?
ʻO ke kamaʻilio pololei ʻana, ʻaʻohe mea ʻokoʻa ma waena o kahi u kukui a me kahi pseudobulba āpau.: hoʻokahi a like ia okana, a ʻo ka ʻokoʻa o nā inoa kahi ʻaha kau ʻōlelo. ʻO ka maʻa mau, i ka botany, hoʻohana ʻia ka huaʻōlelo "bulb" e kāhea ai i nā formations i loaʻa ke kinona o ka uahi, a hoʻohana ʻia ka huaʻōlelo "pseudobulba" e kuhikuhi i nā hoʻokumu ʻana o nā ʻano ʻano ʻē aʻe. Eia nō naʻe, inā huikau nā inoa, ʻaʻole ia he kuhi hewa nui.
Aia kekahi mau huaʻōlelo ʻē aʻe hou aʻe:
- tuberidium;
- paipu ea;
- pseudobulb.
ʻO ka ʻokoʻa mai nā ʻōpuʻu a me nā kūpeʻe maoli kēlā aia nā paipū a me nā ʻāpu i lalo o ka honua, a aia nā ʻūpā ma luna o kona ʻili... Ma ka ʻōlelo koʻikoʻi, ʻo nā orchids, ma ke ʻano nui, ʻaʻa ʻole ke aʻa i ka lepo, makemake e ulu ma nā pōhaku a me nā kumulāʻau, i hoʻohana ʻia ma ke ʻano he "kū".
Mea nui: Nui nā ʻano orchids e ulu ma luna o nā kumulāʻau, akā ʻaʻole lākou he parasite, loaʻa iā lākou nā mea pono kūpono āpau i ke kaʻina o ka photosynthesis, a me nā ʻōpala (nā lau, nā ʻili hemo ʻole).
Hoʻokomo kēia mau mea kanu i ka wai mai ka lewa: pinepine ka noe a me nā ua i nā tropic. ʻO ke kūana o nā ʻōpuʻu i hōʻike pololei o ka nohona parasite ʻole o nā orchids; nā parasite maoli e hānai i ka mea kanu hoʻokipa (ʻo kahi laʻana, rafflesia) ʻaʻole pono e waihona.
Hoʻolālā a me ke kūkulu ʻana
Hoʻokumu ʻia ka paipu lewa mai kahi ʻōpuʻu vegetative... ʻO ka mea mua, puka mai kahi pana ʻōpio mai ia mea, a laila ulu aʻe kahi ʻōpala i luna ona, a i ka pau ʻana o ka ulu ʻana, hoʻomaka ʻo ia e mānoanoa, a lilo i tuber piha. Hoʻokahi paha makahiki o kēia kaʻina - hoʻokahi kau pua.
ʻO ke kumu, ʻo ka tuber lewa kahi kumu i hoʻololi nui ʻia; i ka holo ʻana o ka manawa, hiki i nā ʻōpuʻu ke hana ma luna o ka ʻili, nā mea kanu (me nā wana a me nā lau) a me nā mea ulu (me nā pua). ʻO ka pinepine, ma ke kumu, loaʻa i kēia mau ʻāpana he mau lau i kapa ʻia i uhi ʻia, kahi e pale ai iā lākou mai ka hoʻomaloʻo ʻana a me nā hoʻohuli extraneous.
ʻO Bulba kahi "ʻeke" o nā mea kanu mānoanoa - ka epidermis, hoʻopiha ʻia me nā mea like me ka mucus palupalu e lawe a paʻa i ka makū. I ke kūlohelohe, hoʻohana nā orchids i nā waihona i hōʻiliʻili ʻia i ka u kukui., i nā wā maloʻo. He lōʻihi ke ola o kēia mau mea ola: ʻokoʻa ka lōʻihi o ko lākou ola mai hoʻokahi a i ʻehā mau makahiki, a i kekahi mau orchids (e laʻa me nā mea kanu o ka genus Cymbidium), ola nā ʻōpuʻu i 12 mau makahiki.
Nā inoa o nā ʻano mea kanu i hana i nā pseudobulbs ma ke kumu
E like me ka mea i ʻōlelo ʻia ma luna, hana nā tubers air i nā orchids sympodial wale nō. No laila, inā he ʻanoʻano kāu mea kanu, e loaʻa nā ʻāpana.
lelia;
- lycast;
- maxillaria;
- dracula;
- bifrenaria;
- pescatorea;
- kūkaʻi ʻana;
- pipi holoholona;
- Gehena;
- keleawe;
- dendrobium;
- bulbophyllum;
- oncidium, a me nā mea ʻē aʻe ʻē aʻe.
Mālama
ʻAʻole koi nā ʻōpuʻu Orchid i ka mālama kūikawā... ʻO ka mea wale nō e hoʻomanaʻo ai, he palupalu nā tubers, e like me nā aʻa, no laila ʻaʻole pono e hoʻopā a neʻe iā lākou ke ʻole pono pono. ʻAʻole makemake ʻia hoʻi e waiho i nā ʻōpuʻu i ka mālamalama o ka lā. ʻAe maikaʻi nā lāina orchid i ka lā pono, hoʻomaka ka maloʻo nui, a i kekahi, hiki i ka lā ke waiho i kahi wela maoli.
Panina hopena
ʻO Orchid kahi pua puaʻa ʻē aʻe e koi ana i nā kūlana kūikawā. No ka mālama pono ʻana iā ia, pono ʻoe e mākaukau pono i kāna hanana a me ke ola ola. He mea weliweli paha ia, akā me ka mālama pono ʻana, e uku ʻia kāu mau hoʻāʻo ʻana me nā pua nani!