Nā haʻawina mālama: ke koho ʻana i kahi kukui no nā orchids. Pehea e hoʻonohonoho ai i ka backlight a hoʻouka i nā hāmeʻa ma ka home
He mea nui ka kukui no kekahi mea kanu - hāʻawi ia i ka ikehu no ka ulu a me ka pua. Akā ʻaʻole like ka laki o nā pua āpau ma ka windowsill e ka puka aniani hema nui.
ʻOi aku ka laki inā ʻaʻole uhi ʻia ke kukui e nā hale ʻē aʻe a i ʻole nā kumulāʻau. No laila, noʻonoʻo nā mea kanu pua mālama e pili ana i nā kukui hou. Ma kēia ʻatikala e kamaʻilio mākou e pili ana i ke kumu e pono ai nā kukui maikaʻi no ka orchid a pehea e hoʻonohonoho ai i nā kukui no kēia mea kanu.
No ke aha ia?
ʻO ka mea mua, e hoʻoholo a no ke aha e pono ai nā mea kanu i ka mālam. Hana ʻia ʻo Photosynthesis i loko o nā lau ʻōmaʻomaʻo o kahi orchid, lawe ʻia e kahi pigment ʻōmaʻomaʻo - chlorophyll. Mai ka laulā lā, ʻimi ia i ke kukui polū a me ka ʻulaʻula e hoʻohana ana i ka chlorophyll A a me ka B.
Hoʻopomo ʻo Chlorophyll B i ka lā i ka lā - nā nalu ʻulaʻula lōʻihi ma 642 nm. a polū pōkole ma 453 nm. Pili ʻo Chlorophyll A i ka hana ʻana o ka ikehu i loaʻa ma 662 nm nalu ʻulaʻula lōʻihi. a me nā blues pōkole mai 410 a 430 nm. ʻAʻole kūlike ka lawe ʻana i ka mālamalama i ka lā holoʻokoʻa - komo ke kukui polū kokoke i ka lā holoʻokoʻa, a komo ke kukui ʻulaʻula i ke kakahiaka a me ke ahiahi. I ka hoʻoilo a i loko o kahi keʻena ʻālohilohi ʻole, ʻaneʻane hiki ʻole ke hoʻokō i kēlā kukui. No laila, pono nā kukui no nā orchids i ulu ma ka home.
Mea nui! Ke koho ʻana i kahi kukui no ka orchid, e ʻike aia aia nā kukui polū a me nā ʻulaʻula i loko.
Kōkua ka ʻulaʻula i ka pua ʻana, a kōkua ka polū e kūkulu i ka nui deciduous, akā ʻo ke kukui hoʻohui wale ʻia e alakaʻi i ka ulu pono o ka pua. E kamaʻilio hou mākou e pili ana i nā mea e pono ai nā phytolamp no nā orchids a pehea e koho ai iā lākou i ka ʻāpana like.
Pono ka pua i nā manawa like ʻole o ka makahiki
Pono ka hapa nui o nā orchids i nā kukui hou mai ʻOkakopa a Malaki., ke koena o ka manawa, lawa pono ka mālamalama maoli. Inā kū pono nā puka aniani i ke kūkulu ʻākau, pono paha nā kukui mai ʻApelila a Kepakemapa.
I ka puna a me ka lau, hiki ke hoʻā i nā kukui ʻaʻole no ka lā holoʻokoʻa, akā ma ke ʻano he hoʻomālamalama hou aʻe i ka pō ʻana.
ʻO ka lōʻihi o nā hola ao no ka orchid, kūlohelohe a i ʻole artifica, ʻaʻole pono e ʻoi aku ka pōkole ma mua o 10 mau hola, akā ʻaʻole naʻe i lōʻihi ma mua o 12-14 mau hola.
Pono nā ʻano orchid ʻokoʻa i ka nui o ka ikaika... Hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻokaʻawale iā lākou ma ke ʻano o nā lau. ʻO nā mea aloha māmā me nā lau ololi, nā paukū liʻiliʻi a i ʻole xiphoid. ʻOi aku ka liʻiliʻi o ke koi ʻana - me nā pseudobulbs a me nā lau paʻa paʻa, manoanoa.
E lawa ka hoʻomālamalama waena no nā orchids me nā pseudobulbs a me nā lau ʻili lahilahi. ʻO nā mea kanu koi liʻiliʻi me ka ʻole o nā pseudobulbs me ka lau ākea a palupalu paha a me nā lau palupalu. ʻO nā pua pua nani. Inā ʻaʻole lawa ka mālamalama, e mohala lākou.
Nānā! No ka hoʻonui ʻana iā ia me ke kukui, ua like ia me ka maikaʻi ʻole o ke kukui ʻana. ʻAʻole e lawe ka mea kanu ma mua o ka mea e pono ai, a hiki i ka nui o ka ikehu ke alakaʻi i ka wela a me ka make.
No ka ʻike hou aku e pili ana i ka nui o ka lā a me nā kukui hou e pono ai i kahi orchid ma ka home, ʻōlelo mākou e heluhelu i kekahi ʻatikala ʻē aʻe.
Pehea e hoʻonohonoho ai i ka backlight?
Āhea ana e pono ai?
Mai ʻOkakopa a Malaki, pono nā kukui āpau i nā kukui. me ka nānā ʻole i ka wahi o nā puka aniani. Aia ma ka ʻaoʻao ʻākau - kokoke i ka makahiki holoʻokoʻa. Ma ka ʻaoʻao hikina a me komohana, i ka manawa ahiahi, pono i kahi mālamalama hou i ka puna a me ke kauwela. Hiki ke hoʻomālamalama ʻia nā mea kanu nāwaliwali.
Pehea e koho ai i kahi hāmeʻa?
Aia ka nui o nā kukui ma ka mākeke. Kūpono nā mea aʻe no ka ulu ʻana i nā orchids:
- Nā kukui hoʻōla ikehu kūikawāhana ʻia i ka pae polū a me ka ʻulaʻula. Hōʻoia nā mea hana e 20% wale nō o ka ikehu e hoʻohuli ʻia i wela e ka hāmeʻa, akā ʻaʻole pono e kau kokoke i nā lau. ʻO 3 cm ka mamao loa.
- Ipukukui fluorescent... Me ke kōkua o nā kinoea e like me mercury, hana lākou i nā kukui ultraviolet, i ʻike ʻia e ka uhi ʻana i ke kukui me ka phosphor. No nā orchids, kūpono nā pale 33 a me 840.
ʻO nā kukui halide metal, i kapa ʻia hoʻi nā kukui HID... Hiki ke ʻano like ʻole kēia mau hāmeʻa, aia kekahi mau hiʻohiʻona kūikawā no ka ulu ʻana i nā mea kanu.
- Kukui hoʻokuʻu Mercury hana i ke ala like me nā mea fluorescent, akā loaʻa i kahi māka ʻokoʻa. Koho i ka poʻe i wela ka wela i ka laulā mai 3.200 a 200 K.
- Alakaʻi kukui, alakaʻi ʻē ʻiamanaʻo ʻia he maikaʻi loa no ka pua pua. I nā hale kūʻai, hiki iā ʻoe ke ʻike i nā hiʻohiʻona i hui pū ʻia me ke kukui ʻulaʻula a me ka polū me ka lakio o 8/1 a i ʻole 5/1 ʻulaʻula a me ka uliuli.
No laila he aha ke kukui maikaʻi loa no ka hoʻomālamalama ʻana i nā orchids?
ʻO nā phytolamp kūikawā e hoʻomālamalama i ka ikaika i makemake ʻia a me nā nalu lōʻihi e kūpono. ʻO ka mea makemake nui ʻia ka fluorescent a me LED... ʻO kēia nā koho kūpono loa no nā amateur a me nā florist ʻelua. Inā ʻoe he hoʻomaka mua, hiki iā ʻoe ke kūʻai i kahi ipukukui mālama i ka ikehu, akā ʻaʻole pono ʻoe e manaʻo i kahi hopena kūikawā mai ia mea, no laila ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ke kau ʻana i kahi kukui alakaʻi alakaʻi ʻole ʻia.
Inā he amateur ʻoe a hoʻokahi wale nō a ʻelua paha pua āu, ʻaʻole pono ʻoe e hoʻolilo kālā ma kahi paw kūikawā, he mālama ikehu ia. A no ka mālama ʻana i kahi nui o nā orchids exotic, pono ʻoe i nā kukui ʻoihana.
He aha ke kala e pono ai nā kukuna?
Mālamalama me nā nalu ʻulaʻula a polū pōkole hoʻi e makemake ʻia no nā orchids... Pono ʻoe e kūʻai i hoʻokahi kukui e hui pū ana i kēia mau hiʻohiʻona ʻelua, a i ʻole nā mea kaʻawale - ʻulaʻula a polū. I ka hihia ʻelua, huli ka mea polū no ka lā holoʻokoʻa, a me ka ʻulaʻula - i ke ahiahi.
Hoʻouka
Nui a hewahewa nā koho no nā kukui orchids:
- No kahi puka liʻiliʻi o ka puka aniani, kūpono ke kukui keʻena me kahi kuʻikuʻi a i ʻole ka pou lole.
- No kahi ʻumikūmālua o nā orchids haʻahaʻa, kūpono nā kukui kukui uila ma luna o nā lau (ʻaʻohe kiʻi photosynthesis i nā pua, ʻaʻohe kiko o ka hoʻomālamalama ʻana iā lākou). Hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻopaʻa iā lākou ma ka ʻaoʻao lalo o ka waihona o ka ʻūpā a i ʻole ke kuea o ka puka aniani.
Kākauʻōlelo! Hoʻohui maikaʻi ʻia nā ʻano kukui mua a ʻelua me nā mea aniani - i kēia ala e piʻi ka mālamalama i nā pua. No kēia kumu, ʻaʻole hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻohana i nā aniani kūikawā wale nō, akā i ke aniani maʻamau hoʻi.
- Inā loaʻa iā ʻoe kahi māla hoʻoilo, pono ʻoe i nā kukui palena kiʻekiʻe me nā kukui hoʻokuʻu ʻia o ke kinoea ma ka liʻiliʻi 250 W o ka mana.
ʻO ka aʻe kahi wikiō ʻike e pili ana i nā kukui no ka orchid e hoʻohana ana i nā ipukukui pendant:
Duration
Hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻo Orchids i nā hola lōʻihi o ke ao, ma ka awelika a hiki i 12 mau hola. ʻO nā kūlana kukui kūlike kekahi mea a hilinaʻi i ka ʻano orchid. ʻO ka palena palena manawa 10 mau hola, ʻo ka mea kiʻekiʻe he 16.
Ka hopena ma ka mea kanu
He hopena maikaʻi ka hoʻonohonoho pono ʻana i ka mea kanu, e ulu ana i ka ʻōmaʻomaʻo a hoʻonui i ka pua. I ka hoʻoilo, e pale ka kukui ʻino i ka mea kanu mai ka hāʻule ʻana i loko o kahi ʻano moe, kahi e mohala pinepine ai.
Nā Hewa a me nā hopena
Hiki i kahi mea ulu ʻike ʻole ke hana hewa pēlā i ka hoʻomālamalama ʻana i nā mea kanu.:
Koho i ke kukui kukui kūpono ʻole. Me ka nui o ka ʻulaʻula a me ka ʻole o ka uliuli, e pua nui loa ka orchid, akā ulu ka lahilahi a hiki i ka haki paha. Ma ka ʻokoʻa, e hoʻomālamalama wale ka polū i ka ʻāpana ʻōmaʻomaʻo, akā ʻaʻole e pua ka orchid.
- Hiki i ke kukui keu ke kumu i ka lau e ʻulaʻula iki. I ke kauwela, ʻaʻole e hana ʻino kēia, a i ka hoʻoilo e make paha ka mea kanu.
- Hōʻike ka nele o ke kukui iā ia iho i nā lau ʻōmaʻomaʻo ʻeleʻele me kahi aniani polū, ʻoiai lākou e palupalu a mae. I kēlā ʻano kūlana, ʻaʻole e mōhala ka orchid, a me ka lōʻihi o ka ʻole o ke kukui, make ia.
Nā kānāwai laulā no ka mālama
ʻO nā pua ʻaʻala maikaʻi loa i koi ʻia i ka mālama pono ʻana... Inā makemake ʻoe e ulu ikaika i kāu pua, e hāhai i kēia mau lula.
- Hāʻawi ʻia kahi kiʻekiʻe i loko o ka lumi i ʻole e maloʻo ka mea kanu.
- Mai hoʻonui i ka lepo, e kahe ka ea i nā aʻa. I ka manawa like, ʻaʻole makemake ka orchid i nā ʻōpala.
- Hoʻololi i kahi mea kanu i ka wā e maloʻo loa ka substrate.
- ʻAʻole piʻi ka mahana o ka lumi ma luna o 30 ° C a i ʻole hāʻule ma lalo o 10 ° C.
- Aloha ʻo Orchids i ka mālamalama mālamalama, me ka ʻole o hiki iā lākou ke pua a kū i ka ulu ʻana.
E ʻike ʻoe i nā kūlana āpau no ka mālama ʻana i kēia pua i kēia ʻatikala.
Panina hopena
He pua nani a lahilahi ʻo Orchid e pono ai ke akahele a me ka nānā pono. I lawe mua ʻia mai nā tropika, pono ka mea kanu i ka mālamalama a me ka mālamalama nui, ka hoʻoinu mau. Mālama i kāu orchid a mahalo ia iā ʻoe me nā pua nani.