ʻO Sigiriya - ka pōhaku a me ka hale paʻa kahiko ma Sri Lanka

ʻO Sigiriya (Sri Lanka) kahi pōhaku hoʻokahi me kahi kiʻekiʻe o 170 m a me kahi hale paʻa i kūkulu ʻia ma luna o ka moku Matale, ma ka waena konu o ka ʻāina.

Kūkulu ʻia kahi hale aliʻi ma ka piko o ke kuahiwi, a pena ʻia kona mau paia me nā fresko ʻokoʻa. ʻO kekahi o nā mea hope i ola a hiki i kēia lā. ʻO ka hapalua o ka piko, aia kahi papa, kahi e hoʻokipa ʻia ai ka poʻe hōʻea e kahi puka nui i ke ʻano o nā liona liona. Wahi a kekahi mana, ua kūkulu ʻia ka hale paʻa ma ke noi a ka mōʻī Kassap (Kasyap), a ma hope o kona make ʻana ua hakahaka ka hale aliʻi a haʻalele ʻia. Aia a hiki i ke kenekulia XIV, hana ka mōneka Buddhist ma ka ʻāina ʻo Sigiriya. I kēia lā ua hoʻokomo ʻia ka mea hoihoi i ka UNESCO Heritage Heritage List a aia ma lalo o kāna pale.

ʻO Sigiriya kahi mea hoihoi

Wahi a nā ʻeli ākea, ma kahi e pili ana i ka mauna, ua noho ka poʻe i ka wā prehistoric. Nui nā grottoes a me nā ana i hōʻoia i kēia.

Kiʻi: Sigiriya, Sri Lanka.

I 477, hānau ʻia ʻo Kasyapa, he makaʻāinana a ka mōʻī, i ka noho aliʻi mai ka hoʻoilina kūpono o Datusena, me ke kākoʻo o ka luna koa nui o ka pūʻali koa. ʻO ka hoʻoilina o ka noho aliʻi, ʻo Mugalan, ua hoʻokikina ʻia e hūnā ma India i mea e hoʻopakele ai i kona ola ponoʻī. Loaʻa iā ia ka noho aliʻi o Kasyapa, ua hoʻoholo ʻo ia e neʻe ke kapena mai Anuradhapura a hiki i Sigiriya, kahi e mālie a mālie hoʻi. Ua hoʻokau ʻia kēia hana, no ka mea, makaʻu ka mōʻī e hōʻike ponoʻī iā ia iho e hoʻokahuli ʻia ʻo ia e ka mea nona ka nohoaliʻi e ka kuleana hānau. Ma hope o kēia mau hanana, ua lilo ʻo Sigiriya i kaona kūlanakauhale maoli, me ka noʻonoʻo pono ʻana i ka hoʻolālā, nā pale kaua, nā pā kaua a me nā māla.

I 495, ua hoʻokahuli ʻia ke aliʻi kānāwai kū ʻole i ke kānāwai, a hoʻi hou ke kapikala iā Anuradhapura. A ma ka piko o ka pōhaku Sigiriya, noho nā mōneka Buddhist no nā makahiki he nui. Ua holo ka hale mōneka a hiki i ke kenekulia 14. E pili ana i ka manawa mai ka 14th a i ka 17th kenekulia, ʻaʻohe ʻike e pili ana iā Sigiriya i loaʻa.

Nā kaʻao a me nā kaʻao

Wahi a kekahi o nā kaʻao, ua makemake ʻo Kassapa e lawe i ka noho aliʻi, ua pepehi aku ʻo ia i kona makuakāne ponoʻī, me ka hoʻōla ola ʻana iā ia i ka paia o ka wai. Ua haʻalele ka kaikaina o Kasyapa ʻo Mugalan, i hānau ʻia e ka mōʻī wahine, mai ka ʻāina mai, akā ua hoʻohiki ʻo ia e hoʻopaʻi. I India Hema, ua ʻākoakoa ʻo Mugalan i kahi pūʻali koa, a i kona hoʻi ʻana i Sri Lanka, ua kūkala kaua aku i kona kaikaina ʻole. I ka wā o ka hakakā, ua kumakaia ka pūʻali koa iā Kassapa, a ke ʻike nei ʻo ia i ka manaʻolana ʻole o kona kūlana, ua hoʻomake ʻo ia iā ia iho.

Aia kahi mana i haʻalele ʻole ka pūʻali koa i kāna alakaʻi. I ke kaua hou ʻana, ua huli hoʻohuli ʻole ka ʻelepani a Kasyapa i kekahi ala ʻē aʻe. Ua lawe nā koa i ka maneuver e like me ka hoʻoholo a ke aliʻi e heʻe a hoʻomaka i ka hoʻi. Ua haʻalele hoʻokahi ʻo Kassapa, akā haʻaheo a kūpaʻa ʻole, huki ʻo ia i kāna pahi kaua a ʻokiʻoki i kona ʻāʻī.

ʻO ka ʻeli ʻana i ka archaeological a me nā loaʻa kamahaʻo

Ua ʻike ʻia ʻo Sigiriya (Lion Rock) e Jonathan Forbes e kahi koa Pelekane i 1831. I kēlā manawa, ua hoʻopiha nui ʻia ka piko o ke kuahiwi me nā nahele, akā ua huki koke ka manaʻo o nā archeologists a me nā mōʻaukala.

Hoʻomaka ka ʻeli mua 60 makahiki ma hope ma 1890. Ua lawe ʻia kahi ʻeli nui loa ma ke ʻano he ʻāpana o ka papahana aupuni Sri Lankan Cultural Triangle.

ʻO Sigiriya ka hale paʻa kahiko i kūkulu ʻia i ke kenekulia 5th. ʻO ka wahi o ka mōʻaukala a me ka archaeological o:

• ka hale aliʻi ma ka piko o ka Liona Liona;
• nā ʻūlili a me nā ʻīpuka, aia ma waenakonu o ka mauna;
• paia aniani i hoʻonani ʻia me nā fresko;
• huna ʻia nā hale aliʻi ma lalo o nā māla lush;
• nā ʻauwai paʻa e hana i kahi hana pale.

Hoʻomaopopo nā archaeologists ʻo ka Papu Sigiriya (Liona Pōhaku) ma Sri Lanka kekahi o nā hale keu aku i ka honua, kahi e hoʻi ai i ka milenio mua a mālama maikaʻi ʻia. Kūleʻa ka hoʻolālā kūlanakauhale me ka ʻano ʻokoʻa kupaianaha no kēlā manawa a me ka noʻonoʻo nui. I kulike ai me ka hoʻolālā, hoʻohui like ke kūlanakauhale i ka symmetry a me ka asymmetry, ua ulana mākaukau ʻia nā hale i hana ʻia i loko o ka ʻāina a puni, me ka hoʻopilikia ʻole ʻole ʻia. Ma ka ʻaoʻao komohana o ka mauna aia kahi paka mōʻī, i hana ʻia e like me kahi hoʻolālā symmetrical koʻikoʻi. Ua hoʻokumu ʻia kahi ʻenehana ʻenehana paʻakikī o nā hanana neʻe a me nā ʻano hana no ka hoʻoinu ʻana i nā mea kanu i ka wahi paka. Ma ka ʻaoʻao hema o ka pōhaku aia kahi waihona wai i hana ʻia, i hoʻohana nui ʻia, ʻoiai aia ʻo Mount Sigiriya kahi i kahi maloʻo o ka mokupuni ʻōmaʻomaʻo o Sri Lanka.

ʻO Frescoes

ʻO ka pali komohana o ka Liona Pōhaku kahi hanana kūʻokoʻa - kokoke i uhi piha ʻia me nā frescoes kahiko. ʻO ia ke kumu i kapa ʻia ai ka ʻili o ka puʻu i kahi hale hōʻikeʻike kiʻi nunui.

I ka wā ma mua, uhi ka pena i ka pali holoʻokoʻa mai ka ʻaoʻao komohana, a ʻo kēia kahi o 5600 mau mika kūlike. Wahi a kekahi mana, 500 mau kaikamahine i hōʻike ʻia ma nā fresko. ʻAʻole i hoʻokumu ʻia ko lākou ʻike, ma nā kumuwaiwai like ʻole he mau manaʻo like ʻole. Manaʻo kekahi he loko nā frescoes i nā kiʻi o nā wahine o ka ʻaha, manaʻo kekahi he mau kaikamahine kēia i komo i nā hana o kahi ʻano haipule. Minamina, ua nalo ka hapa nui o nā kaha kiʻi.

ʻO ka paia aniani a me ke ala i frescoes

I ka wā o Kasyapa e noho aliʻi ana, ua hoʻonani pinepine ʻia ka paia i mea e ʻike ai ka mōʻī, e hele pū ana me ia, a ʻike i kona ʻano ponoʻī. Hana ʻia ka paia i nā pōhaku lepo a uhi ʻia me ka puna keʻokeʻo. Ua uhi hapa ʻia ka mana hou o ka paia me nā paukū a me nā leka like ʻole. Ma ka paia o ka Pōhaku Liona, aia kekahi mau palapala i kākau ʻia i kēlā me kēia kenekulia 8. I kēia manawa he hiki ʻole ke waiho i kahi leka ma ka paia, hoʻolauna ʻia ka pāpā e pale aku i nā kahakaha kahiko.

Nā māla ʻo Sigiriya

ʻO kēia kekahi o nā hiʻohiʻona nui o Sigiriya, ʻoiai ʻo nā māla i waena o nā māla ʻāina kahiko loa o ka honua. ʻEkolu mau ʻāpana o ka māla.

Nā māla wai

Hiki iā lākou ke loaʻa ma ka ʻaoʻao komohana o Lion Rock. ʻEkolu māla ma aneʻi.

• Hoʻopuni ʻia ka māla mua e ka wai, pili i ka ʻāina o ka hale aliʻi a me ka pā paʻa ma o 4 mau waikahe. ʻO kona ʻano ʻokoʻa ua hoʻolālā ʻia e like me ke k modelkohu mua loa a aia he mau mea liʻiliʻi loa i ola a hiki i kēia lā.
• Hoʻopuni ʻia ka māla ʻelua e nā loko wai e kahe ana nā kahawai. Aia nā punawai i ke ʻano o nā kīʻaha pōʻai, ua hoʻopiha lākou me kahi ʻōnaehana hydraulic lalo honua. I ka wā ua, hana nā punawai. Ma nā ʻaoʻao ʻelua o ka māla aia nā mokupuni kahi i kūkulu ʻia ai nā hale aliʻi kauwela.
• Aia ke kolu o ka māla ma luna o nā mea ʻelua. Ma kona ʻaoʻao ʻākau hikina hikina kahi ipu nui he oktagonal nui. Ma ka ʻaoʻao hikina o ka māla aia he pā paʻa.

Nā māla pōhaku

He mau pōhaku nui kēia me nā ala hele ma waena o lākou. Hiki ke ʻike ʻia nā māla pōhaku ma ka wāwae o Lion Mountain, ma nā pali. Nui nā pōhaku i kūkulu ʻia nā hale ma luna o ka hapa nui o lākou. Ua hana lākou i kahi hana pale - ke hoʻouka ka ʻenemi, ua hoʻokau ʻia lākou i lalo i ka poʻe hoʻouka kaua.

Nā māla terraced

ʻO kēia nā pali a puni ka pali ma nā wahi kūlohelohe. Hana ʻia lākou i nā paia o nā paia. Hiki iā ʻoe ke hele mai kekahi māla a i kekahi ʻē aʻe ma o ke alapiʻi limestone, kahi e ukali nei ma ke ala a hiki i ke keʻena kiʻekiʻe loa o Sigiriya Castle ma Sri Lanka.

Pehea e hiki ai i laila

Hiki iā ʻoe ke hele i ka ʻumeʻume mai kekahi kūlanakauhale ma ka mokupuni, akā pono ʻoe e hoʻololi i nā kaʻa ma Dambulla. Mai Dambulla a i Sigiriya, aia nā laina kaʻa kaʻa maʻamau no. 549/499. Haʻalele nā ​​huakaʻi mai 6-00 a 19-00. He 40 mau minuke wale nō ka huakaʻi.

Nā ala hiki i Sigiriya

1. Colombo - Dambulla - Sigiriya. ʻO kēia ala ʻoi aku ka maʻalahi no ka mea hiki iā ʻoe ke kūʻai i kahi likiki no kahi lawe lewa lewa maʻamau i lawe ʻia. ʻO ka helu nui loa o nā pahi holo mai Colombo a i ka Dambulla kaulana.
2. Matara - Colombo - Dambulla - Sigiriya. Aia nā pilina a me nā kaʻa mai Matara a Colomba. ʻO ka huakaʻi ma kahi o 4.5 mau hola. Eia kekahi, mai ke kahua kaʻa ʻōhua ma Matara, haʻalele ka bus 2/48 a hiki i kahi kiko hoʻoili, e lawe nā huakaʻi ʻoluʻolu lewa iā ʻoe i Dambulla i 8 mau hola. Hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia nā huakaʻi like inā ʻoe ma Panadura a me Tangalle.
3. Kandy - Dambulla - Sigiriya. Holo nā kaʻa mai Kandy mai kakahiaka kakahiaka a 21-00. Hiki iā ʻoe ke hele ma laila i nā lele he nui, e nānā pololei i ka helu ma ke kahua.

4. Anuradhapura - Dambulla - Sigiriya. Mai Anuradhapura, aia nā ala 42-2, 43 a me 69 / 15-8.
5. Trincomalee - Dambulla - Sigiriya. Haʻalele ʻelua mau kaʻa ʻōhua no ke kiko hoʻoili - No. 45 a me 49.
6. Polonnaruwa - Dambulla - Sigiriya. Hiki iā ʻoe ke kiʻi i ka wahi hoʻolilo e nā pahi maʻamau No. 41-2, 46, 48/27 a me 581-3.
7. ʻO Arugam Bey - Monaragala - Dambulla - Sigiriya. I Arugam Bay pono ʻoe e lawe i ke kaʻa ʻōhua helu 303-1, holo ka huakaʻi i 2.5 mau hola. A laila ma Monaragal pono ʻoe e hoʻololi i ka helu kaʻa pahi 234 a i ʻole 68/580.

Hoʻohālikelike i nā kumukūʻai noho me ka hoʻohana ʻana i kēia palapala

ʻIkepili Hoihoi

1. Wahi a kekahi o nā kaʻao, ua hoʻolaila ʻo Kasyapa i kona makuakāne e ola ana i kahi wai i kona wā i ʻike ai ʻaʻole ona waiwai e like me ia.
2. ʻO nā hōʻike o ke ʻano mua o ke kāne ma Sigiriya i loaʻa i ka grigto Aligala, aia ma ka hikina o ka hale paʻa mauna. Hōʻike kēia i ka poʻe ma kēia wahi i ola ma kahi o 5 tausani mau makahiki i hala.
3. ʻO ka ʻīpuka komohana o ka Castle ʻo Sigiriya, ka mea nani a maikaʻi loa, i ʻae ʻia e hoʻohana ʻia e nā lālā o ka ʻohana aliʻi.

4. ʻO Mount Sigiriya ma Sri Lanka kahi papa pōhaku i hana ʻia mai ka magma o kahi lua pele e hana nei. I kēia lā ua luku ʻia.
5. Hoʻomaopopo ka poʻe loea i ke ʻano hana kūikawā i hana ʻia ai nā fresco āpau - ua hoʻopili ʻia nā laina i kahi ala kūikawā e hāʻawi i ka nui o ke kaha kiʻi. Hoʻopili ʻia ka pena i ka paʻi kahakaha ʻana me ke kaomi hoʻokahi ʻaoʻao i ʻoi aku ka momona o ke kala i ka lihi o ke kiʻi. E pili ana i ka ʻenehana, like nā fresko me nā mea i loaʻa i nā ana India o Ajanta.
6. Ua wehewehe ka poʻe loea o Sri Lankan ma mua o 680 mau paukū a me nā palapala i hana ʻia ma ka paia ma waena o nā kenekulia 8 a me 10 i hala.
7. Aia nā māla wai o ka paʻakikī i ka simmmetrically e pili ana i ka hikina hikina. Ma ka ʻaoʻao komohana pili lākou i kahi moat, a ma ka hema e kahi loko hana. Pili nā loko wai o nā māla ʻekolu e kahi pūnaewele pipeline lalo honua.

8. ʻO nā pōhaku, i kēia lā he māla pōhaku, ua hoʻohana ʻia i ka wā ma mua e kaua aku i ka ʻenemi - hoʻolei ʻia lākou mai ka pali ke kokoke aku ka pūʻali koa ʻenemi iā Sigiriya.
9. Ua koho ʻia ke ʻano liona no ka puka pā no ke kumu. ʻO ka liona kahi hōʻailona o Sri Lanka, i hōʻike ʻia i nā hōʻailona mokuʻāina a hōʻike i ka kūpuna o nā Ceylonians.

Hoihoi ia! ʻO ka piʻi ʻana i ka piko o ka Pōhaku Liona he 2 mau hola ma ka awelika. Ma ke ala, e hālāwai maoli ʻoe me nā ʻāpana o nā moʻo hihiu e nonoi ana i nā mea maikaʻi mai nā mākaʻikaʻi.

ʻIke kūpono no ka poʻe mākaʻikaʻi

Uku komo:

• makua - 4500 rupe, ma kahi o $ 30;
• keiki - 2250 rupe, ma kahi o $ 15.

ʻAe manuahi ke komo ʻana no nā keiki ma lalo o 6.

Hale aliʻi pōhaku hana paʻakikī mai 7-00 a 18-00. E wehe wale nā ​​keʻena kikoʻī a hiki i ka 17-00.

Loaʻa i ka mea kipa i kahi likiki nona nā ʻāpana hoʻokaʻawale ʻekolu. Hāʻawi kēlā me kēia ʻāpana i ke kuleana e kipa:

• puka komo nui;
• paia aniani;
• hale hōʻikeʻike.

He mea nui ia! Nawaliwali ka hōʻike ma ka hale hōʻikeʻike ʻaʻole hoihoi loa, no laila ʻaʻole pono ʻoe e hoʻonele i ka manawa e kipa aku ai iā ia.

ʻO ka manawa kūpono loa no kahi huakaʻi mai 7-00, ke ʻole ka wela luhi. Hiki iā ʻoe ke ʻike i ka ʻumeʻume ma hope o ka ʻaina awakea - ma 15-00, ke emi ka nui o nā mākaʻikaʻi. E lawe pono i ka wai me ʻoe, ʻoiai ʻoe e hele wāwae no 3 mau hola, a ʻaʻole kūʻai ʻia ka wai ma ka ʻāina o ka pā.

ʻO nā kūlana maikaʻi loa no ke kipa ʻana iā Sigiriya mai Kēkēmapa a ʻApelila a i waena o ke kauwela a Sepatemaba. I kēia manawa, ʻano liʻiliʻi ka ua i ka waena konu o Sri Lanka, maikaʻi ke aniau no ke kipa ʻana i ka hale aliʻi. Aia ka hapa nui o ka ua i loko o ʻApelila a me Nowemapa.

He mea nui ia! ʻO ka hoʻokipa kaulana loa i waena o nā mea mākaʻikaʻi e nānā i ka puka ʻana o ka lā ma Sigiriya. No kēia, koho ʻia kahi wā maopopo e uhi ʻole ʻia ka lani i nā ao.

ʻO Sigiriya (Sri Lanka) kahi paʻakikī kahiko ma kahi pōhaku, i ʻike ʻia ma ke ʻano he kipa loa ma ka mokupuni. ʻO kēia kahi kia hoʻomanaʻo mōʻaukala kūlana kūikawā i hiki ke mahalo ʻia i kēia lā.

ʻO ke wikiō hoihoi me ka ʻike kūpono - e nānā inā makemake ʻoe e ʻike hou aʻe e pili ana iā Sigiriya.

E nānā i ka wikiō: CLIMBING LION ROCK: Why You Should Never Give Up Halfway! Vlog #99 (Kepakemapa 2024).