Nā lula no ka mālama ʻana i nā orchids Cattleya ma ka home: e hōʻoiaʻiʻo ana i ka mālama kūpono ʻana a me ka pale ʻana i nā maʻi

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ʻO Blooming Cattleya kahi hōʻike ahi hoʻolauleʻa hoʻolauleʻa, carnival Brazilian a me Argentina tango! ʻO ka orchid Cattleya ke mōʻī wahine, ua hāʻawi ʻia kēia pua nani i kēia poʻo inoa. ʻO kēia ka orchid maʻamau o nā ʻohana āpau āpau.

Aia ma kahi o 1000 mau ʻano o kēia mau orchids. Ua komo ʻelua i loko o nā holoholona hihiu, a me nā hybrids hānau i nā kala kupaianaha a me nā ʻala o ka Universe. ʻO ia maoli, he, pua o paraiso! E aʻo ʻoe pehea e mālama ai iā ia i kēia ʻatikala.

Wehewehe pua

ʻO Cattleya kahi ʻano o nā mea kanu ulu mau o ka ʻohana Orchid, aia ma mua o 40 mau ʻano o lākou i ke ʻano. Pili pū ʻo Cattleya i nā epiphytes a me nā lithophytes, ʻo ia ke aloha i nā gorges mauna, nā pōhaku, nā pōhaku, nā kumu lāʻau, kahi e paʻa ai kona aʻa - tentacles - ulu a ulu pono. Hoʻolālā maikaʻi ia i kahi wahi mehana. ʻO Argentina kona ʻāina hānau. Paraguay, Brazil.

OLELO HOOLAHA: ʻAno aloha ʻo Cattleya i ka hanana, ʻo ia hoʻi, ulu ia i ka laulā, a mālama ʻia nā wana kahiko ʻoiai ke haki nā mea hou. No laila, i ka wā o nā pseudobulbs pua hiki i ka 10. He 3 - 4 mau pua o kēlā me kēia peduncle. Nui nā pua - 12 - 15 cm.

Hiki i nā pua ke kala ʻokoʻa loa:

keʻokeʻo;
lilac;
ʻalani-ʻalani;
eleʻele.

Pōkole ke kumu o ka pipi, he mea maʻamau ke kāhea iā ia he pseudobulba... He kumu ia o ka wai a me nā meaola ʻē aʻe e hōʻiliʻili i ka wā o ka ulu ʻana. Loaʻa iā 1-3 mau lau, ʻokoʻa ka helu o kā lākou helu i ka makahiki a me nā kūlana ola. I ke kūlohelohe, ʻoi aku ka nui o nā pua o Cattleya ma mua o nā ʻano hybrid. ʻAneʻane like nā ʻano o Cattleya me nā ʻano ʻala ʻē aʻe, sophisticated.

Hoʻomaka pinepine lākou i ka wā o ka lau a i ka hoʻoilo paha ma kahi o hoʻokahi mahina, a ulu aʻe ka pseudobulbs i ka palahalaha, a laila lōʻihi ka pua.

Mōʻaukala no nā kumu

Ua ʻike ʻia ʻo Cattleya ma ʻEulopa i ka kenekulia 19 a aloha koke me nā mea aloha nani o nā pua nani. Ua hoʻoilina ʻo Cattleya i kona inoa mai ka māla a me nā mea aloha i nā mea kanu exotic, ʻo William Catley. ʻO ia ka mea nāna i hana i kahi mea kupaianaha - ua ulu ʻo ia i pua kilokilo i loko o kona hale kōmahana.

Nā ʻokoʻa

ʻOkoʻa ʻo Cattleya i ka makemake ʻole e mōhala, ʻo nā mea mahi pua puaʻa i ka hana no ka manawa lōʻihi i hāʻawi ka orchid i nā pua nani. ʻO kāna mea huna ʻo ia wale nō ka orchid makua hiki ke pua a ke loaʻa ka lawa o ka ikaika. No laila e hoʻomanawanui!

ʻO nā pua o kēia ʻano ke nānā aku i kahi ala kūikawā. He ʻano ʻokoʻa a me ka waihoʻoluʻu ko ka lehelehe, ua like ia me ka uila, kahi ahi ahi hoʻoliʻiliʻi, no laila ke ʻokoʻa a hiki ʻole ke ʻike ʻole ʻia e pili ana i nā pua ʻē aʻe āpau ma ka pua.

Hāʻawi i nā ʻano a me nā kiʻi

ʻO nā ʻano punahele a punahele hoʻi:

Lawe hoʻokahi

Kāhea ʻia ka pua-nui. ʻO kahi ʻōpuʻu melemele hualiʻi o 4 a i kekahi manawa ʻākoakoa nā pua he 5 i hoʻokahi peduncle, ʻala loa lākou, ke ʻano o nā petal i wili iki ʻia, ʻulaʻula ma lalo, ma ke kumu he lehelehe corrugated ʻalani ke alo o ka pālule Kaha ʻia ke kumu me ke pihi keʻokeʻo e like me ka hahau a kahi mea pena. ʻO kēlā pua nani a me ka leʻaleʻa! ʻO nā Pseudobulbs o Cattleya kahi lau hoʻokahi nui, paʻa, 15 cm ka lōʻihi... Nui pū nā lau, paʻa, ikaika, hiki i 30 cm.

ʻO Bicolor

Piʻi ia a 50 -60 knm. Nui ka nui o nā pua, a i 10 cm. Mihi i ke kau a me ka hoʻoilo. Hoʻohui ʻia nā pua, ʻulaʻula ʻulaʻula, kahi lehelehe poni, i hoʻopili ʻia me ka lipine māmā, puhi me kahi kukui ʻōlinolino. ʻO ia kahi mālamalama, wiwo ʻole e haʻi nei i ka persona me ka ʻole. Lōʻihi ka lau, oblong, ʻōmaʻomaʻo ʻōmaʻomaʻo.

Keʻokeʻo

He ʻano hybrid kaulana loa ia. Ua loaʻa kēia ʻano ʻokoʻa e ke keʻa keʻokeʻo... Mānoanoa nā lau, ʻōmaʻomaʻo ʻōmaʻomaʻo. Kāwili coquettishly kona mau pua pua, a me kona kala keʻokeʻo keʻokeʻo e like me ka kirima huʻupuʻu - ea, ʻoluʻolu, ʻala. Puʻuwai weliweli!

Wā pua

ʻO kēia orchid kahi hanana pōʻaiapuni e komo pū me nā wā o ka ulu ʻana, ka pua ʻana a me ka hiamoe ʻana. Kū ka pua o kēia mau orchids ma muli o ka laha. Hiki i ka Cattleya nani ke pua i kēlā me kēia manawa o ka makahiki. Inā hoʻohui ʻoe i nā kukui hou me nā phytolamp, hiki iā ia ke hāʻawi iā ʻoe i kona kala i ka hoʻoilo.

No nā Cattleyas he nui, pili ka pua me ka lōʻihi o ka lā.... ʻO kahi laʻana, hoʻomaka ʻo Cattleya lau hoʻokahi i ka pua wale ma hope o ka hala ʻana he mau pule i ke ʻano o ke ao pōkole, ʻaʻole i ʻoi aku ma mua o 10 mau hola i ka lā.

ʻO nā orchids ʻelua lau, i ka ʻaoʻao ʻē aʻe, e mōhala wale me nā hola lōʻihi o ke ao.

Hiʻona:

Mea nui: Ma mua o ka pua ʻana - ka wā o ka ulu ikaika a me ka pua ʻana mai ʻApelila a Kepakemapa, pono ka mahina o ka orchid i kahi mea mehana me kahi mahana o 20 - 22 ° during i ke ao, i ka pō - ʻaʻole ma lalo o 17 °.

ʻO ka manawa hiamoe ʻo Cattleya mai ʻOkakopa a Malaki... I kēia manawa, ʻo ka mahana ʻoi loa ka mahana ʻo 16-18 ° C, a ʻaʻole haʻahaʻa ka mahana o ka pō ma mua o 10 ° C. I kēlā me kēia manawa o ka makahiki, pono ka mahana e 5-7 ° C no ka ulu maʻamau.

Hoʻonāukiuki

Pono pono e hoʻoulu i ka pua. Wahi a nā ʻōlelo aʻoaʻo a nā mea kanu pua, pono pono e hōʻoia i ka ʻokoʻa o ka mahana ma waena o ke ao a me ka pō, me ka ʻokoʻa o 5 ° C. I ka pau ʻana o ke kauwela a me ke kauwela, kū kēia kēia iā ia iho.

Mālama home

Koho noho

Hiki ke ulu i ka pua ma nā puka aniani maikaʻi a i ʻole i nā māla hoʻoilo, a i loko hoʻi o nā florarium, kahi e kūpono loa ai ka ea o ka lewa no lākou.

Hiki iā ʻoe ke ulu ʻo Cattleya ma ka home ma ka windowsills... ʻO Windows, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi, alo i ka ʻaoʻao hikina a i ʻole komohana hema. ʻAʻole iki ka wahi ʻākau no kēia nani wela, e anuanu ma laila, a ʻaʻole ʻoe e kali no nā pua.

Ke hoʻomākaukau nei i ka lepo a me ka ipuhao

Makemake ʻia ka substrate e hoʻopili i ka ʻili liʻiliʻi a me ka waena a me ka limu - sphagnum, kahi e hiki ai iā ʻoe ke hoʻohui i nā ʻiliʻili, nā ʻiliʻili, nā lanahu. He mea nui ka maloʻo maikaʻi o ka substrate o kēia mau orchids.

Ma mua o ke kanu ʻana, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka holoi ʻana i ka ʻili, pulu iā ia no 2-3 mau lā i hoʻopiha maikaʻi ʻia me ka momona. A laila holoi hou me ka wai maʻemaʻe.
Pākuʻi styrofoam, lumoka, kāwili. Mākaukau ka substrate e hoʻohana!
E ninini i nā ʻiliʻili a i ʻole nā ʻōpala ma ka lalo o ka ipu hao, 2 cm.
E kau i nā ʻāpana nui o ka ʻili a i ʻole ka huʻa ma luna.
E kāpīpī i nā aʻa me nā ʻāpana waena o ka ʻili, a me nā ʻāpana liʻiliʻi i ka waena a ma luna.
Hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻohui i kahi perlite liʻiliʻi e mālama i ka makū i loko o ka ipuhao.

Hiki i nā ipu pipi Cattleya kekahi... Hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻohana i ka ea aniani.

Akā e like me ka ʻōlelo aʻoaʻo a ka poʻe loea, kūpono nā ipu lepo maʻalahi no ka hanu maikaʻi ʻana. Kūpono nā aʻa ma luna o ka maka o ka ipu hao.

Mahana

I nā lā kau wela, ʻaʻole pono e wela ka orchid:

Inā wela nā lau a mahana paha - pono lākou e hōʻalili, holoi i nā lau me ka wai i ka mahana wela a hoʻowahāwahā i ka ea.
No nā peduncles e hana a pala, pono ka mahana 16 - 19 ° C.
No ka pua maikaʻi loa, makemake ʻia ka ʻokoʻa ma waena o nā mahana a me nā pō o 5 - 7 ° C.

Humidity

ʻO ka ea o ka ea ma kahi o 60% i ka wā ulu. Makemake wau e hoʻomaopopo i kēlā ʻAʻole capricious nā hybrids orchid hou e pili ana i ka hou... Akā makemake lākou e hōʻoluʻolu iā lākou iho i ka wela. I ke kau mahana, kau ʻia lākou i loko o nā pā i piha i ka wai. A laila hoʻokuʻu lākou i nā aʻa ea, ʻoluʻolu i ka hou a me ka hou.

Uila

Makemake nui ʻo Cattleyas i ka lā. Mahalo i ka lā, ulu maikaʻi lākou. ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi no lākou e mālama ʻia ma ka hema a i ka hikina paha o nā puka aniani, no laila ulu koke lākou i nā wana hou, a laila hoʻomaka pū kekahi e pua. He mea nui ka mālamalama pālahalaha no lākou, e like me nā orchid he nui, pono lākou i nā wahi malu.

I ke kauwela, loaʻa i ka orchids ka ikehu lā, hoʻomohala nā pseudobulbs, a i ka hāʻule ʻana ua uhi ʻia lākou. A i ka wā e emi ai ka lā, ʻikea ka liʻiliʻi o ka lā a me ka liʻiliʻi, pala nā ʻōpuʻu o ka wā e hiki mai ana i kahi uhi.

Inā huli melemele nā lau, a laila pono ʻoe e hoʻomalu i nā puka aniani, nui loa ka mālam. Inā ua pouli nā lau, a laila ʻaʻole lawa ke kukui. Pono nā lau Cattleya olakino e ʻōmaʻomaʻo ʻōmaʻomaʻo... Inā maikaʻi ka mālamalama, a laila e pua momona a nani ka Cattleya.

Hoʻohinu

Pono e hana i ka hoʻoinu ʻana ma hope o ka hoʻomaloʻo ʻana o ka substrate. I ka wā hoʻomaha, pono ʻoe i ka wai e lawa pono i ʻole e mimili nā pseudobulbs.

Ke ulu ʻole ka orchid, ʻaʻole pono ia i ka wai, ʻaʻole ia e assimilate iā ia.

E like me ka mea i kākau ʻia, Makemake nui ʻo Cattleyas i ka hou... I ke kauwela, pono ʻoe e hoʻoinu i ka orchid i ka nui, e ʻike pono ʻaʻole e maloʻo ka substrate. E akahele, ʻaʻole pono e hele ka wai ma luna o nā lau a me nā wana, ʻo ka wai wale nō ka substrate.

Ke hoʻomaha ʻo Cattleya, pala nā peduncles, lilo i pouli, hāʻule ka mahana o ka ea, a laila pono e hoʻemi ʻia ka hou. ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi ʻaʻole i ka wai, akā e pīpī i ka lepo. Hoʻoikaika ka hoʻoinu wai ke ulu a ulu ka peduncle, akā ʻaʻole hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻopiha i ka pua. Ma mua o ka hoʻoinu ʻana, pono e ea a maloo ka substrate.

I ka wā mahana, hiki iā ʻoe ke ʻauʻau me ka wai mehana no Cattleya, akā ʻaʻole ʻoi aku ka nui ma mua o hoʻokahi manawa i ka mahina. Ma hope o ka holoi ʻana a ʻehu paha, pono ʻoe e holoi i nā lau i maloʻo, a i ʻole e ʻike ʻia nā kiko kala. Pono pono e holoi i ka substrate, lawa ia e hana i kēia i hoʻokahi manawa i ka mahina - hoʻokahi a me ka hapalua.

E nānā i kahi wikiō e pili ana i nā lula no ka hoʻoinu ʻana iā Cattleya:

Nā ʻaʻahu kiʻekiʻe

Hana maikaʻi ʻia ka lole kiʻekiʻe ma luna o kēlā me kēia 2 mau pule ma mua o ka pua ʻana, i ka manawa o ka ulu ʻana o pseudobulb. ʻAʻole hānai ʻia ʻo Orchids i ka wā pua.... I loko o ka wā hiamoe, ʻaʻole pono ia e hoʻomomona i ka pua, ʻaʻole pono iā ia. Hiki iā ʻoe ke hōʻino!

Manaʻo kōkua: Hoʻohou i kahi meaʻai hou ke wehe ka uhi a hoʻomaka ka peduncle e oʻo.

Hoʻolilo

Aia kekahi hiʻohiʻona i waena o nā anuenue Cattleis - ʻaʻole lākou makemake i ka hoʻonohonoho hou ʻana.... A laila noʻonoʻo lākou no ka manawa lōʻihi, paʻakikī ka hoʻololi ʻana i nā kūlana hou. ʻOiai inā ua hoʻohana ʻia kahi ʻano lawelawe maʻalahi.

Pono pono ke transplant wale nō i ka manawa o ka substrate i oxidized, ua hele a manoanoa, ua ulu nā aʻa me ka nui, hoʻomaka lākou e pale i ka ipuhao, holo nā pseudobulbs hou i nā ʻaoʻao ʻokoʻa, a koe wale nā mea kahiko i ka ipu.
ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi o ke transplant ke ulu aʻe nā wana hou a 3 cm.
Māhele mākou i ka pua holoʻokoʻa i nā ʻāpana - 5 pseudobulbs i kēlā me kēia.
Hoʻomaopopo mākou i kēlā me kēia ʻāpana i loko o ka ipu hao ʻo ia ka ʻāpana ulu o ka rhizome kokoke i ka waena o ka ipuhao.

E nānā i kahi wikiō e pili ana i ka transplant ʻo Cattleya pololei:

Nā hana hana hou

Hoʻohua pinepine mākou ma mua o hoʻokahi manawa i kēlā me kēia makahiki 4. Hoʻohui pinepine ʻia kēia kaʻina hana me kahi transplant ma mua o ka hoʻomaka ʻana o nā aʻa hou. ʻO ke ʻano hānau ʻo Cattleya - ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana i ka nahele.

Hana pono ʻia ka hana me ka mālama mau:

E hoʻoneʻe mālie i ka orchid mai ka ipuhao me ka substrate.
E kau i ka pua me ke aʻa i lalo i kahi pahu wai e pulu no 30 - 40 mau minuke.
Wehe mākou i nā aʻa o ka orchid i mea e hōʻino ʻole ʻia ai, hiki ke hana i ke kaʻina hana i ka wai.
E holoi maikaʻi i nā aʻa, hoʻomaʻemaʻe iā lākou i nā aʻa make.
E kāpīpī i nā ʻāpana me ke kinamona a i ʻole nānahu i hoʻopīpī ʻia.
E hoʻouna e hoʻomaloʻo i kahi mehana.
A laila hoʻokaʻawale mākou i nā ʻāpana, pono i kēlā me kēia 3-4 pseudobulbs me kahi puʻupaʻa ola a me nā aʻa olakino.
He ʻōlelo aʻoaʻo e sterilize i nā mea kani e hōʻalo ai i nā maʻi a me nā mea haumia.
Kanu mākou e like me nā lula like me kā mākou transplant (ʻike ma luna).

Nā maʻi a me nā mea hōʻino

Hiki maʻalahi ka mea kanu i nā ʻano maʻi āpau, nā maʻi ʻino, a me nā maʻi. ʻO nāʻenemi weliweli loa o ka orchid:

Fungus i ka ʻili, ma nā lau... Pono paha ʻoe e hoʻololi i ka substrate. E hoʻohana i ka ʻehu o ka hopena o ka phytosporin a i ʻole nā lāʻau antifungal ʻē aʻe. Pono pono e hoʻokau i ka lāʻau i ke kaulike, ʻoiai ʻo ka lāʻau, inā lawe hewa ʻia, hoʻopili maikaʻi i ka ʻōnaehana aʻa ma ke ʻano holoʻokoʻa.
Punawelewele mite - ka ʻenemi o nā orchids āpau, hoʻonui koke ʻo ia a ʻai pono i ka mea kanu. No nā mites punawelewele a me nā mea ʻino ʻē aʻe, aʻoaʻo koke ka poʻe loea ma hope o ka ʻike ʻana i kahi pilikia e kāpīpī i ka orchid me kahi hopena kūikawā a hoʻowali pū ʻia me nā aʻa i kahi insecticide no 15 mau minuke a me ka quarantine (ma ka liʻiliʻi o hoʻokahi mahina).
Pākuʻi like ʻole... ʻO kēia ka mea he nui o ka wai, pono ʻoe e hoʻolohi i ka hoʻoinu. ʻOi loa i ke kauwela, hoʻopili koke ka pala i nā aʻa a me nā lau o ka orchid; i kekahi mau lā hiki iā ʻoe ke lilo i pua. Inā ʻike ʻoe i ka pala o ke aʻa, ʻokiʻoki pono i nā mea āpau me ka pahi. Paipai ʻia e kāpīpī me ka kinamona a hamo me ke kumu.

Kāohi

Pono e hana i nā hana pale aʻe:

Paipai nā mea hōʻiliʻili loea i ka mālama ʻana i ka pua me nā hui kemika kūikawā, e laʻa me Zircon me ka waikawa succinic, ua aʻo mua i nā mea āpau e like me nā ʻōlelo aʻo
Ke ʻike koke ʻoe i ka lau ʻana o ka lau i ka melemele, pono ʻoe e hoʻonāwaliwali i ka hoʻoinu ʻana, hoʻemi i ka wai i ka lewa, a hemo i ka ipuhao i nā wahi malumalu.
Inā hoʻomaka nā lau e hāʻule, a laila ʻaʻole lawa ka wai, a kiʻekiʻe loa ka mahana o ka ea no ka orchid. Hoʻomaha hou iā ia, hamo i nā lau me ka wai mehana, hoʻoinu iā ia, hāʻawi i nā kukui kūpono.
Inā popopo nā lau - kahi hōʻailona paʻa o ka mālama kūpono ʻole. E nānā i ka pulu ʻole o nā lau, a inā e pulu lākou, pono ʻoe e holoi me kahi kāwele.
Hoʻopili ʻia nā lau, ʻeleʻele - hānai i nā aʻa, nele wale lākou i ka wai.

Panina hopena

He lā nui ʻo Cattleya, kahi walaʻau a me ka pupule o nā kala, nā hula, nā leʻaleʻa a me ke ʻano maikaʻi. Kaumaha, hoʻoneʻe i kau i kou hale, a hoʻemi ʻia ke ola i ka ʻole? E hoʻomaka koke i ka hoʻoulu ʻana i kēia mau orchids kupaianaha, a hoʻopiha ʻia ke ola me nā kala ānuenue, nā hanana nui a me nā mea i loaʻa!

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