ʻO nā mea āpau e pili ana i ka ulu ʻana i kahi orchid ma ka home mai nā hua i kūʻai ʻia ma Kina
He pua pua nani ʻo Orchid me nā mea mahalo, ulu ʻia e nā māla ʻike a me nā mea ulu pua ʻāmele.
Eia naʻe, ʻaʻole ia he kumu kūʻai haʻahaʻa a makemake pinepine kāna mau mea pā e ulu i kahi mea kanu ma o lākou iho ma ke ʻoka ʻana i nā hua ma Kina.
Eia kekahi, aia he nui o lākou i loko o ka ʻeke, akā ʻaʻole kumu kūʻai lākou. Hiki paha kēia a pehea e hana ai, e haʻi kā mākou ʻatikala.
ʻAno kanu
Ma nā pūnaewele Kina, hiki pinepine iā ʻoe ke hoʻonohonoho i nā ʻano hua orchid o ka ʻano Phalaenopsis i makemake nui ʻia, a aia nō kekahi Cymbidium, Dendrobium, Wanda, Cattleya o nā ʻano like ʻole. ʻO kēia ʻano lūlū, hybrid, hana ʻia e nā mea hānai e ulu pono i ka home me nā koina hana haʻahaʻa a hauʻoli i nā mea nona ka nani.
Hiki ke mahi ʻia e like me kēia?
Inā laki ʻoe e kiʻi i nā hua orchid maoli mai kahi pūnaewele Kina, a laila hiki ke ulu i kahi orchid mai laila mai. Minamina, he hana lōʻihi loa kēia a me ka hana. E kūʻai ʻoe i nā pono pono a me nā pono, mālama i ka sterility a me ka mahana makemake. ʻO kekahi o nā mea ulu, hoʻomāʻewaʻewa, kāhea i kēia āpau i kahi hale hana maoli. Eia hou, e kali ka hopena i kahi manawa lōʻihi.
Nānā: hiki i ka hua kanu ke kanu i pua pua orchid makua piha i ka makahiki 4-6.
Hiʻona:
Ke kauoha ʻana i nā ʻanoʻano mai Kina, hiki iā ʻoe ke ʻike pinepine i nā mea kūʻai aku hewa ʻole i hala nā ʻano mea kanu o nā mea kanu ʻē aʻe a me nā ʻanoʻano o ka mauʻu mauʻu a mauʻu paha no nā hua orchid. Minamina ka hapa nui o kēia hihia i ka manawa a me ka hana i ka hoʻāʻo ʻana e ulu, a hoʻohoka ʻia lākou i kēia manaʻo.
Akā, ʻo ka mea pōmaikaʻi, he kumukūʻai lākou a inā nui ka makemake e hoʻāʻo e ulu iā lākou, hiki iā ʻoe ke ʻoka hou. Ma hope o nā mea āpau, inā hiki iā ʻoe ke ulu i kahi pua ponoʻī, e loaʻa iā ʻoe ka leʻaleʻa lua ʻole e nānā ana i kona ulu ʻana, a laila ka pua nani ulu pua nani.
Pehea ko lākou ʻano?
Liʻiliʻi loa nā hua Orchid a hiki ke kuhihewa maʻalahi no ka lepo. ʻO kā lākou nui he 15 mau manawa ka liʻiliʻi ma mua o ka nui o ka palaoa. Eia hou, ʻaʻole lākou, ʻokoʻa i nā ʻano hua ʻē aʻe o ka hapa nui o nā mea kanu, i loaʻa ka lako o nā meaola a i ʻole endosperm, he nui ʻole o ia mea i loko o ka embryo.
Pehea e loaʻa ai nā ʻanoʻano palupalu i ke kūlohelohe a hiki i nā orchids e hoʻohua? ʻO ke kiko ko lākou helu. Hiki i hoʻokahi pua orchid ke hana mai 3 a 5 miliona mau hua a ma muli o ko lākou kaumaha haʻahaʻa a me ka nui, lawe maʻalahi ʻia lākou e ka makani, kau i ka ʻili lāʻau. Eia nō naʻe, ʻaʻole e koho ʻia lākou a pau e lilo i mau pua makua; ʻo kekahi wale nō o kēlā mau mea paʻa i ka lāʻau e hana i kēia. He koho kūlohelohe paʻakikī kēia.
Ma hea e kūʻai ai, pehea ke kumu kūʻai?
Hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻonohonoho i nā ʻano hua orchid ma nā pūnaewele kūʻai pūnaewele Kina kaulana i nā ʻāpana "Home a me Māla", "No ka māla a me ka māla mea kanu", "Seeds" a me nā mea like. ʻO ke kumukūʻai o kahi ʻāpana hua ma kahi o 35 rubles Lūkia.
Pehea e nānā ai i ke kūʻai no ka ʻoiaʻiʻo?
Ma hope o ka loaʻa ʻana o nā ʻanoʻano, wehe i ka pūʻolo a hoʻopaʻa i nā mea i loaʻa ma mua o ke kanu pono ʻana i ka hoʻololi i ka home. E hoʻomanaʻo, pono nā ʻanoʻano maoli:
- e liʻiliʻi loa, e like me ka lepo (ʻo ko lākou nui mai 0.35 a 3.30 mm ka lōʻihi a me 0,08 a 0.30 mm ka laulā);
- kalima, beige a ʻeleʻele lahilahi paha;
- he kinoli elongated ke ʻano.
- Hoʻomoʻa mākou i 0.5 liters o ka wai hoʻomaʻemaʻe.
- Hoʻohui i 10 g o fructose.
- 10 g glucose.
- 8 g agar agar. Kuke ma kahi wela haʻahaʻa, e hoʻoulu mau ana, a hiki i ka wā e pau loa ai ka agar-agar.
Hoʻomaʻamaʻa mākou i kekahi 0.5 liters o ka wai i loko o kahi pā.
- Ke paila ia, hemo, e hoʻohui i 5 mau kulu o ke aʻa-e hana ana i ka roottostimulant, 1.5 g o nā mea momona nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium fertilizers, 1 g o carbon carbon activated.
- Hoʻohui maikaʻi, hui pū i nā hopena ʻelua.
- Lawe mākou i ka waikawa i ka waiwai i makemake ʻia.
- No ka hoʻohaʻahaʻa i ka pH, hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻohana i kahi hopena o ka potash, e hoʻonui - acid phosphoric. Pono nā hua Orchid i ka acidity i ka pae 4.8-5.2 pH.
- Kuhi mākou i 30 mg o nā mea momona momona i loko o nā ʻōmole i sterilized.
- Hoʻopaʻa mākou i nā ipu kīʻaha me nā mea pani a hoʻomaʻemaʻe i ka moʻomeheu no ka hapalua hola.
- Nānā mākou i nā ipu me ka waena no 4-5 mau lā. Inā ua ʻike ʻia ka punahelu i loko o lākou i kēia manawa, ʻaʻole kūpono lākou no ke kanu ʻana i nā ʻanoʻano.
- E kau i ka palaoa ma kahi ipu me ka wai, ma luna ona - kahi substrate i kahi ipu.
- Ma hope o ka sterilization, huki i nā hua mai ka hopena me kahi pipette a kau iā lākou ma ka ʻili o ka substrate.
- A laila pani i nā kīʻaha a i ʻole nā hue me nā pulupulu a i ʻole nā poʻi, e hoʻokomo i ka germination.
- Pono e kiaʻi i ka mahana i nā manawa āpau: he 18-23 kekelē Celsius, ka lōʻihi o nā hola awakea - he awelika o 12-14 mau hola.
Mea nui! Inā, ma hope o ka hemo ʻana o nā ʻanoʻano i loaʻa mai Kina, ʻike ʻoe i nā hua e like me ka buckwheat a i ʻole kekahi ʻano, ka nui, ke kala, koe wale no ka mea i hōʻike ʻia ma luna, auwe, ua kūʻai ʻia aku ʻoe me kahi hoʻopunipuni a ʻaʻole e ulu pono ka orchid mai iā lākou.
Eia kekahi, ke nānā ʻia ma o ka microscope a i ʻole ke aniani hoʻonui ikaika loa, hiki iā ʻoe ke ʻike he mau ʻanoʻano kēia e like me nā hua palaoa i ke ʻano a me ka nui, akā ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi o nā manawa.
ʻO ka manawa pinepine, nā mea kūʻai aku i puhi ʻia me ka manaʻo o ka ulu ʻana i kahi pua mai ka hua mai e kūʻai aku ma hope o ka heluhelu ʻana i nā loiloi maikaʻi mai nā mea kūʻai aku ʻē aʻe a me ka ʻike ʻana i kahi helu kiʻekiʻe o ka mea kūʻai aku. Eia naʻe, ʻo ka pinepine, pili kēia pīhoihoi me ka wikiwiki o ka lawe ʻana a i ʻole ke ʻano o ke ʻūlū o nā mea. He mea liʻiliʻi loa ka hoʻopili ʻana o nā mea kūʻai aku i kahi kiʻi o nā mea i ulu aʻe mai nā ʻanoʻano, a ʻoi aku ka nui, kahi pua pau, no ka mea, e like me kāu e ʻike ai, he mau makahiki ka ulu ʻana.
Mālama kekahi mau mea aloha pua i ka manaʻolana ʻo nā hua i hua ʻia he capsule hua, wehe ia, a, ʻo ka pinepine, ʻaʻole loaʻa nā hua liʻiliʻi i loko. E hoʻomanaʻo ʻia ia He ʻoliki ka pā hua orchid a ma kahi o 3 cm ka lōʻihi, ʻōmaʻomaʻo... I ke kūlohelohe, hōʻike ia iā ia iho i ka manawa ke pala nā hua a mākaukau no ke kanu ʻana. No laila, ʻaʻole paha ʻoe e kiʻi i kahi poli paʻa.
Nā ʻanuʻu pae ʻanuʻu e pili ana i ka kanu ʻana
No ka mea capricious loa nā hua orchid, ke kanu ʻana iā lākou iho, he mea nui ia e hoʻomākaukau pono i nā pono, kahi mea momona, lūlū a mālama i nā mea kanu. ʻOiai me nā kūlana kūpono, hiki i kahi pākēneka liʻiliʻi o nā hua ke lilo i pua maoli. No laila, me ka mālama ʻole ʻana i kekahi o nā kiko, ʻaʻohe ou hopohopo e ulu i kahi mea kanu hoʻokahi.
Nā pono hana a me kona sterilization
No ke kanu ʻana, pono e hoʻomākaukau i nā paipu hale aniani 15 knm ka lōʻihi a me 1.5 cm ka laulā, kahi paʻa, nā pulupulu-gauze no nā paipu hoʻāʻo. Inā ʻaʻohe ou paipu hoʻāʻo, a paʻakikī a pipiʻi paha e kiʻi, hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻohana i nā ipu meaʻai pēpē kīʻaha me nā pāpale hoʻoheheʻe Hoʻomanaʻo i ke kaʻina holoʻokoʻa o ke kanu ʻana i nā ʻanoʻano e aneane i kahi keʻena hoʻokolohua, no laila, pono e hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻia nā paipu a i ʻole nā ipu, me nā poʻi, i loko o kahi autoclave, kaomi kuke a i ʻole sterilizer lapaʻau ma 120 kekelē no 30 mau minuke.
Hoʻomākaukau o ka moʻomeheu moʻomeheu
No ke kanu ʻana, hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻohana i kahi medium nutrient i kūʻai ʻia a i hana ʻia e ʻoe iho. E noho mākou ma ka lua o nā koho kikoʻī. Hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻomākaukau i kahi waena mea momona penei:
E nānā i kahi wikiō pehea e hoʻomākaukau ai i kahi ʻano ulu ulu.
Ke lūlū ʻana
NĀ KAHI! Pono pono e wili i nā hua. E hana i kēia, hoʻomākaukau i ka hopena he 10 o ke keʻokeʻo, hoʻoluliluli, kānana, hoʻopaʻa i nā hua ma laila no 10 mau minuke a kanu koke.
No ka lūlū ʻana, hoʻohana ʻia kahi hāmeʻa e hoʻopili maʻamau i nā hua.
Hana ʻia e lūlū e like me kēia:
He kiʻi
A laila, hiki iā ʻoe ke ʻike i kahi kiʻi o ke ʻano o nā ʻanoʻano a me nā mea i ulu aʻe mai iā lākou:
Mālama
Ma hope o kekahi mau pule a i ʻole mau mahina, hoʻomaka nā loli me nā mea kanu. Hōʻike nā pōpō ʻōmaʻomaʻo ma luna o lākou, a laila ka lau mua. Ma hope o ka hiʻohiʻona o ʻelua a ʻekolu paha lau, hoʻomaka ke aʻa e puka. I hoʻokahi makahiki wale nō ma hope, hiki ke kanu i nā mea kanu i loko o kahi ipuhao. Kūpono kahi substrate o ka limu, nā aʻa fern a me ka ʻili paina no ka hoʻopiha ʻana i ka ipuhao.
Pono ka liʻiliʻi o ka lepo i hiki. Lawe ʻia nā ʻōpuʻu mai ka ipu me ka forceps e like me ke akahele, holoi ʻia i ka wai a kanu ʻia i loko o kahi substrate, i ninini mua ʻia me ka wai paila no 30 mau minuke. Pono nā mea kanu i nā kukui a me nā wai kiʻekiʻe i nā manawa āpau.
Nā pilikia a me nā pilikia
Hiki ke kali i nā pilikia i ka ulu ʻana i nā orchids mai nā hua ma kēlā me kēia wā. Eia naʻe, ka mea maʻamau na anoano haahaa, o na hemahema iki o ke sterility ke kumu o ka ulu liilii, mālama ʻole i ke ana wela a me nā kūlana hoʻūlū. ʻO ka hopena, ka make ʻana o nā hua a i ʻole nā mea kanu a me ka ʻole o kahi hopena i ke ʻano o kahi pua nani. Ke hoʻomaka nei i kēia kaʻina hana, pono ke kālailai ʻana i kāu mau kūlana, ka loaʻa o ka manawa a me ke kālā, a me ka hoʻomanawanui no laila ʻaʻole e hoʻohoka ʻia e nā pilikia.
Panina hopena
Ke kali nei nā pilikia he nui i ka poʻe e hoʻoholo e ulu kūʻokoʻa i nā orchids mai nā hua Kina. Ke hoʻomaka nei mai kahi nui o nā fakes i kūʻai ʻia e nā mea kālepa enterprising mai ke Aupuni waena, e pau ana me ka manawa pilikia loa o ko lākou pae ʻana a ulu. Akā nō naʻe, inā he makemake nui kou, pono e hoʻāʻo!