E aʻo e pili ana i ka hale kanu Streptocarpus: nā lau hau a me nā ʻano hybrid kaulana ʻē aʻe
No ka manawa mua, ua ʻike ʻia kahi ʻano hihiu o ka streptocarpus ma kahi o 200 mau makahiki i hala (i ka 1818) a he mea kanu haʻahaʻa me nā pua tubular polū pale me ʻelima mau petal.
ʻAʻole i ʻoi aku ke anawaena o nā pua ma mua o 2.0-2.5 cm. I kēia manawa, me ke kōkua o ke koho ʻana, ua hoʻohua ʻia nā hybrids me ke anawaena o nā pua a i ka 12-14 cm.
ʻO ka waihoʻoluʻu maʻamau o nā pua streptocarpus i mau ka lilac a me ka polū-polū, akā i ka manawa like aia nā ʻano me nā petal i pena ʻia i nā kala āpau o ka pae: mai ka hau keʻokeʻo a i ka viole-ʻeleʻele, mai ka poni keʻokeʻo a i ka ʻulaʻula ʻulaʻula, a me ka momona, lemon, hue ʻalani. ʻO ke kala o nā pua i nā hybrids hopena he hoʻokahi, ʻelua a ʻekolu mau leo kala i hui ʻia.
Nā kuhikuhi nui o ke koho ʻana
Loaʻa ka hybrid mua ma kahi o 40 mau makahiki ma hope o ka hoʻolauna ʻana o ka streptocarpus i ka papa inoa (i ka 1855) ma Beritania Nui. Ua hele hou kahi koho ʻana ma kahi wikiwiki a hiki i nā makahiki 60 a me 70 o ke kenekulia i hala.
A laila ua hele koke mai kēia pua i ke ʻano, a lilo ia i kumu no ka hana ikaika a nā mea hānai e loaʻa i nā hybrids kala hou o streptocarpus. I ka UK like, a ʻoi loa ma USA, ulu ʻia ka streptocarpus ma ka pālākiō o ka florikure hana.
ʻOiaʻiʻo, ua loaʻa i kēia mea kanu ke makemake nui ʻia i ka honua! Ke pā aku nei ka ʻano o nā laha.
Ma mua o 1100 mau ʻano i hānai ʻia (134 mau ʻano i loaʻa i ke kūlohelohe) a ʻaʻole kēia ka palena.
Aia nā ʻano terry a me ka semi-terry me kahi waihoʻoluʻu ʻōniʻoniʻo, hoʻopili ʻia, me nā puʻupuʻu, nā mea hoʻonaninani me nā lauana (mesh, nā kukuna) ma nā petal a me ke kala ʻike maka kupaianaha.
ʻOkoʻa i ke ʻano a me ka nui o ka palena. Nā hybrids liʻiliʻi a me ka hapa liʻiliʻi. ʻO nā lau me nā ʻōmaʻomaʻo ʻōmaʻomaʻo a me nā lau (variegated) e kaulana loa.
ʻO nā kuhikuhi nui o ka hoʻoulu ʻana i ka streptocarpus i kēia manawa:
- ʻO ka hana ʻana i nā ʻano leo ʻelua me ka ʻāʻī āpau a me ka palena.
- ʻO streptocarpus ʻano ʻokoʻa.
- ʻO nā petal ulana i kikokiko.
- E hoʻonui i ka pāpālua o ka pua.
- Ke hoʻonui nei i ka nui o ka pua.
- Nā hybrids liʻiliʻi.
ʻO ka hana ikaika a nā mea hānai i nā wahi e like me:
- Māmā e hoʻomaʻemaʻe, kūpaʻa i nā kūlana maikaʻi ʻole a me ka lawe ʻana.
- ʻO ka hoʻonohonoho kaulike o nā lau.
- ʻUlaʻula ka ʻaoʻao o loko o ka lau, ʻeleʻele a i ʻole hoʻohālikelike ʻia, ʻālohilohi ka ʻaoʻao i waho.
- Pua lōʻihi a momona.
- Pōkole peduncles me ʻelima a ʻoi paha pua.
Nā ʻano
Kupaianaha ka ʻano o nā lāhui streptocarpus: ka makahiki a me ka makahiki, nā lau nahele a me nā semi-shrubs, nā kamaʻāina o nā ululāʻau malumalu a me nā savannas maloʻo, e ulu ana ma nā pōhaku a me nā kumulāʻau ...
Eia nō naʻe, hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale ʻia lākou āpau i ʻekolu mau ʻano nui:
ʻAno lau hoʻokahi. Hoʻokahi ona lau nui 60-90 cm ka lōʻihi, 10-15 knm ākea, a me nā peduncles kiʻekiʻe. I nā hihia maʻamau, ulu paha hoʻokahi a ʻelua paha mau lau underdeveloped. He mea nui ka lau nui no ke ola o ka mea kanu holoʻokoʻa. Inā make, e pau pū ka mea kanu i ka make.
- Kumu kumu, ʻo ia hoʻi, multivalent. Hoʻokahi wale nō ona koʻokoʻo uhi ʻia me nā lau. E piʻi a 5 mau peduncles mai nā axils lau. ʻO kēia ʻano, e like me ke kūlike ʻole o mua, ʻike pinepine ʻia ma ke ʻano ma mua o nā hale o nā florists ohi.
- ʻAno Rosette. ʻO nā lau o kēia laha he hoʻokahi kiko o ka ulu ʻana ma waenakonu o ke aʻa aʻa a, ke ulu nei, hana i kahi rosette, kahi i hele mai ai ka inoa o nā laha. Ua nalowale ke koʻokoʻo.
ʻO ka rosette ʻano o ka streptocarpus ka mea makemake nui ʻia i nā hōʻiliʻili o nā florist, no ka mea, ʻike ʻia ia e ka hana wikiwiki o nā hybrids paʻa a me ka nui o nā peduncles nui.
Nā ʻano kaulana
E like me ka mea i ʻōlelo ʻia, ke piʻi nei ka hānau ʻana o ka streptocarp, ʻo ia hoʻi ma ʻAmelika a me UK. ʻO nā mea hānai kaulana ʻekolu mai ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa nā:
- ʻO Ralph Robinson (ka pūʻulu o Bristol, hānai ʻia mai ka 1982).
- ʻO Dale Marten (loea i ka variipated Iced series streps) a me J. Ford, ma lalo o ke alakaʻi ʻana a Paul Sorano, ka mea i hoʻoili i nā hale kōmaʻomaʻo a me nā greenhouse me Saintpaulias mai kona kupuna kāne i ka makahiki 1993.
- I Iapana, mahalo nui ʻia nā lāhui liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi mai Toshihiro Okuto (hānau mai ka wā 1985).
Ma Rūsia, nā mea makemake nui ʻia:
- Nā ʻano me nā pua nunui nani, i loaʻa mai iā Peter Kleszczynski (Polani).
- ʻO nā streptocarps pua lōʻihi a koʻikoʻi hoʻi mai Pavel Yenikeev (ʻUkelena).
- Nā hybrids hanohano a ʻano ʻē mai Vyacheslav Paramonov (Russia), Dmitry Demchenko (Lūkia) a me Tatiana Valkova (Lūkia).
Nā hybrids a Petr Kleszczynski
| Breeder | ʻAno ʻokoʻa | Kahiwaena pua, cm | Wehewehe |
| Piotr Kleszynski | Hermann | 7–7,5 | He lilac hue ko nā petal o luna, ua uhi ʻia ka hope momona-melemele i lalo e kahi burgundy mesh i huli i ke kumu nui, kahi palena lilac. ʻO nā kaʻe kua o nā petal. |
| ʻO Draco | 7–8 | ʻO Pale, nā lau ʻulaʻula ʻulaʻula a luna, a lalo i nā melemele hohonu me kahi ʻulaʻula poni (e like me ke ahi mai ka waha). Kaʻe Serrated o nā petal. | |
| ʻO Piknik | 6–7 | Blue hei ma nā petal a pau. Keʻokeʻo ke kua o luna, melemele ka lalo. Haule wikiwiki. |
Mai nā mea hānai Lūkini
| Breeder | ʻAno ʻokoʻa | Kahiwaena pua, cm | Wehewehe |
| ʻO Vyacheslav Paramonov | Lauana hau | 7–8 | Ma luna o nā petalā wavy keʻokeʻo, kahi hei polū-poni. ʻO nā kukuna poni ʻeleʻele i ka ʻāʻī. He lau ʻōmaʻomaʻo ka lau, wved quilted. |
| ʻO Dmitry Demchenko | Swan ʻEleʻele | 8–9 | Ruffy nā pua nunui wavy o ka poni ʻeleʻele, poni-ʻeleʻele (keokeo keʻokeʻo ma loko o ka ʻāʻī). Nā pua velvet. |
| ʻO Tatiana Valkova | Manu VaT | 8 | ʻOkoʻa ka ʻokoʻa ma waena o ke keʻokeʻo ʻulaʻula kiʻekiʻe a me ka kirimalu lalo me kahi ʻāpana poni ʻeleʻele momona i lilo i leo nui. ʻO nā petal ākea me kahi apo o loko. |
Mai Pavel Enikeev o nā aka malu
| Breeder | ʻAno ʻokoʻa | Kahiwaena pua, cm | Wehewehe |
| Pavel Enikeev | Lace Crystal | 6,5 | Nā kihi i hoʻopili ʻia, super ruffle. Ma ke keʻokeʻo o nā petal o luna, aia kahi palena polū mālamalama, ma nā petal o lalo aia kahi lilac-polū mesh lahilahi ma kahi kua melemele iki. Pāleʻa ka lau, ʻaʻole kau. Kumu paʻa. |
| Himalaya | 10 | Nā pua nunui, 'ōpihi. ʻO nā petal o luna he lilac pale pale wai, ma ke kua keʻokeʻo o lalo kahi lilina poni lilelile. | |
| Wailele | 7–8 | ʻO ka uliuli, a me nā pua lilac mae i nā flounces nui ma luna, nā petals lalo: kahi lilac mesh ma ke keʻokeʻo. Mai hina i kahi lōʻihi. Kahi puka pono. | |
| Avalanche | 9–10 | ʻO nā pua keʻokeʻo keʻokeʻo nui me ka lihi koʻikoʻi. |
Waihoʻoluʻu
| Breeder | ʻAno ʻokoʻa | Kahiwaena pua, cm | Wehewehe |
| Pavel Enikeev | Nā moemoeā ʻākala | 9 | ʻO nā pua ʻalani lahilahi i ka ʻaoʻao luna me ka lihi corrugated, ma nā petals lalo ma ke kāʻei ākea, kahi ʻenaena. Maʻemaʻe, puka kūwaha |
| FIFA | 7–8 | ʻO nā pua pua ʻālani ʻulaʻula ʻāpana, ʻo nā petal o lalo i kahi keʻokeʻo keʻokeʻo kahi i ulaula a me ka palena. Mai hina i kahi lōʻihi. | |
| Wahine ʻōpio | 8 | Pale, pua ʻalalā wavy pua wavy i ka ʻaoʻao luna me kahi ʻulaʻula ʻeleʻele ma ka ʻaoʻao keʻokeʻo haʻahaʻa. | |
| ʻO Chick | 7,5 | ʻĀhinuhinu melemele melemele: nāu nā maka o ka makahiki i ka makahiki. Aia nā kukuna polū i ka ʻāʻī. | |
| Kāleka | 5–6 | ʻO luna o Pale, ʻalani melemele, lalo-caramel, a me nā kukuna poni. ʻO nā leo mālie Watercolor, nā petal i hoʻopaʻa ʻia. | |
| Kalahari | 7,5 | Nui nā pua ʻulaʻula-melemele. ʻO ka hapalua o luna he ʻulaʻula ʻulaʻula, melemele ka mea haʻahaʻa me nā kukuna ʻulaʻula a me kahi hei ʻike maikaʻi ʻole ʻia. | |
| Lena | 6,5–7,5 | ʻO kahi pua pālua me ke kala ʻokoʻa a nani hoʻi. I luna: ʻulaʻula maka ma ke kua keʻokeʻo, ma lalo i ka ʻulaʻula ʻulaʻula. ʻElepa. | |
| ʻO Margarita | 10 | Nui nā pua ʻulaʻula ruby fringed. Waihona waina ikaika. ʻO nā shuttlecock nui. | |
| Strawberry | 7–8 | Keʻokeʻo me nā kiko ʻulaʻula lahilahi, e hele kokoke ana i ka ʻāʻī i ka ʻāpana. ʻIke lākou e like me keʻoki o nā strawberry. ʻO nā petal ākea. | |
| Ka pua ʻulaʻula | 5–6 | ʻO nā petala ʻulaʻula ākea, ʻāʻī keʻokeʻo. Liʻiliʻi. | |
| Kata Tjuta | 10–13 | Wavy ikaika, corrugated lihi; ʻulaʻula nā petals o luna, melemele nā mea haʻahaʻa me ka ʻulaʻula ʻulaʻula. ʻIke ʻia nā kukuna e ka ʻāʻī. | |
| Pāʻina Hawaiʻi | 5–6 | ʻO ka pua keʻokeʻo hyper-lua me ka ruby-cherry hei mesh a me nā kiko, nā corolla o loko. |
ʻO nā aka poni ʻeleʻele a hohonu hoʻi
| Breeder | ʻAno ʻokoʻa | Kahiwaena pua, cm | Wehewehe |
| Pavel Enikeev | Mozart | 10 | ʻO nā flounces nui, ʻo ka luna polū-lila, ma lalo ma kahi kāʻei melemele creamy kahi poni a me ka palena poni. Kaha nui. Mālama nā pua i kahi manawa lōʻihi. |
| Puahiohio | 7,5–8 | ʻO nā pua ʻulaʻula poni me ka maka scalloped. Kaha polū. Lau ākea, poepoe poepoe. | |
| Hypnosis | 7–8 | ʻO nā flounces nui, ʻulaʻula ʻulaʻula a me nā kiko poni ma kahi poni-ʻeleʻele kua, kahi ʻāʻī me nā kukuna keʻokeʻo. | |
| Ruchelier | 6–7 | ʻO nā corollas poni ʻeleʻele poni. Mālamalama ka ʻāʻī me ka maka melemele, nā ʻūmiʻi ma nā kaʻe o nā petal, i hoʻopili ikaika ʻia. | |
| po polar | 12 | Nā pua o ka waihoʻoluʻu poni pouli, velvety. | |
| Siberia | 10–12 | ʻO nā pua ʻeleʻele bluish-ʻeleʻele me ka lihi, ka lihi. | |
| Pio Caucasian | 8–9 | ʻO nā shuttlecock nui. ʻO ke kala lilac koʻikoʻi o nā petal o luna. Ma kahi keʻokeʻo keʻokeʻo, ʻo ka mea haʻahaʻa he mesh poni, ma ka ʻāʻī aia nā kukuna melemele a me ka poni. | |
| Swallowtail | 7 | ʻO nā pāpale poni ʻoi loa, e kūʻē ana i kahi kua melemele mae o nā mea haʻahaʻa, kahi ʻāpana poni mālamalama. | |
| Ka ua Meteor | 5–6 | ʻO nā corollas liʻiliʻi, wavy. Polū ka luna me nā kiko kalima, ma lalo ka melemele momona me ka palena polū. |
He kiʻi
I loko o kā mākou ʻatikala hiki iā ʻoe ke ʻike i nā kiʻi o nā ʻano ʻokoʻa o kēia mea kanu kupaianaha, e like me:
- ʻO ka pua ʻulaʻula:
- ʻO ka paʻahao o ka Caucasus:
- Richelieu:
- Dimetris:
- A ʻo kekahi poʻe ʻē aʻe:
Mālama
ʻO ka hapanui o nā ʻano o ka streptocarpus mai nā ululāʻau pāhūhū (diffuse light, ea lewa, i ka manawa o ka ulu ʻana, ka nui o ka wai ua, nā mahana mahana a hiki i ka 24 ° C).
Aia kekahi ʻanoʻano savana me nā lau mānoanoa pōkole, ʻoi aku ka pōkole a me ka mānoanoa ma mua o nā ululāʻau (hiki ke hōʻike ʻia i ka lā pololei no kekahi manawa, kūpaʻa i ka maloʻo, hoʻomanawanui i ka maloʻo a i ka wā ulu, nā mahana a 30 ° C).
No laila makemake nā ʻano āpau i ka lepo palolo a māmā (ea, māʻona o ke aʻa aʻa me ka oxygen). Hoʻolālā pū lākou i kahi overdrying o ka lepo a me substrate. ʻAʻole lākou makemake i ka lā pololei (keu hoʻi i ke kauwela), mai ʻae i ke anuanu a me nā ʻōpala.
I ke anuanu, hoʻomaka ka ʻōnaehana aʻa e pala. ʻAʻole makemake nui ʻia e kāpī. E mālama i ka wela o loko i ke kauwela. ʻO ke kī i ke kūleʻa: ka wela mehana (a hiki i 24 ° C), ka hoʻohaʻahaʻa o ka lepo (hoʻoinu i 2-3 mau manawa i ka hebedoma), lewa ʻūlū ea.
I ka hoʻoilo, hiamoe ʻo streptocarpus me ka hoʻomālamalama ʻole ʻia. ʻO ka wā hoʻomaha hoʻomaha he 1-2 mau mahina (Kekemapa-Pepeluali). Hoʻoemi ʻia ka mahana no kēia wā i 15-18 ° C, hoʻemi ʻia ka hoʻoinu ʻana i 1 manawa i kēlā me kēia pule (ke hoʻomaloʻo ka honua).
A laila hoʻonāukiuki lākou i ka pua (maʻa mau no kahi hōʻike), e hoʻonui ana i nā hola o ke ao i 14 mau hola e hoʻohana ana i nā kukui-like a me nā kukui uila. Hoʻonui ʻia ka mahana i 24-25 ° C e ka hoʻoinu ʻana i 2-3 mau manawa i ka pule.
I ka wā pua, pono ka hoʻoulu me nā mea momona mineral (hoʻopau koke nā mea kanu i ka lepo), lawe ʻia nā pua maloʻo a me nā lau i ka manawa. Ke ʻoki ʻana i nā lau kahiko, ulu wikiwiki ʻo streptocarpus a hāʻawi i nā peduncles hou aʻe. ʻO ka hapanui o nā laha e mohala mai ka pua mua a hiki i ke kau (mai Mei a ʻOkakopa-Nowemapa).
Ua kamaʻilio nui mākou e pili ana i ka ulu ʻana i ka streptocarpus a me ka mālama ʻana i kahi mea kanu ma ka home i kēia mea.
Noho a me ka hānau ʻana
I ke kūlohelohe, hana hou ʻo streptocarpus i nā hua a i ʻole i ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻia e nā pua. I nā hale hana Hoʻohana nā mea hānai i ʻehā mau ʻano o ka hānau ʻana o ka streptocarp:
- Nā hua.
- Ka mahele ʻana i nā mea kanu o nā hana.
- Nā ʻāpana lau lau.
- Hoʻowili Microclonal.
Wale me ke keʻa-pollination a me ka hua hana hiki ke loaʻa nā hybrids a me nā ʻanoʻano hou. Akā asexual (vegetative) kope mālama i nā phenotypic ʻano o nā ʻano. Me ka hānai microclonal, hiki i ka mālama ʻana i nā laha laha ʻole a me ka ʻaneʻane make, e hoʻomaikaʻi ai i ko lākou olakino.
No ka hana kope ʻana o ka streptocarpus e ka fermentation, ʻokiʻoki ʻia ka lau me kahi pahiʻoi ma ka ʻaoʻao nui i ʻelua mau ʻāpana (hana toaster), a i ʻole ʻekolu mau ʻaoʻao ma ke koʻokoʻo me nā ʻūlū ākea.
A hiki iā ʻoe ke kanu pū me nā ʻoki o nā lau, ʻokiʻoki i ka piko o ka ʻoki diagonally. Hoʻomaloʻo ʻia nā ʻāpana āpau a kāpīpī ʻia me ka kalapona hana ʻāpala. Kanu i kahi lepo lepo o ka peat a me perlite me kahi wī ʻoi i lalo. I hoʻokahi mahina ma hope mai, ʻike ʻia nā mea kanu kaikamahine.
No ka mahele ʻana e nā wana, pono e loaʻa nā helu hou o ka ulu o nā lau ma ka mea kanu makuahine, e hana ana i nā rosette hou, nā poʻo.
Ma mua o ka hoʻomaka ʻana i ke kaʻina hana, ninini nui ʻia ka puʻupuʻu lepo me ka wai mehana, lawe ʻia mai ka ipuhao a wāwahi mālie a ʻoki ʻia i mau ʻāpana, a he mau lau ko kēlā me kēia. Hoʻomaloʻo ʻia nā ʻāpana a kāpīpī ʻia me ka carbon activated a i ʻole biostimulant (aʻa).
Ma hope o 1-2 mau mahina, hoʻomohala nā mea kanu paʻa i kā lākou aʻa ponoʻī a me nā lau 15 cm.
Ua kamaʻilio mākou e pili ana i nā hiʻohiʻona o ka hana hou ʻana o ka streptocarpus a me nā kūlana no ke kanu ʻana ma aneʻi, a mai kēia ʻatikala e aʻo ai ʻoe pehea e ulu ai kahi pua mai nā ʻanoʻano, kahi ʻāpana o ka lau a ma ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana i kahi ulu lāʻau.
Nā maʻi a me nā mea hōʻino
Ma ke ʻano he rula, he unpretentious a me nā mea kanu ponoʻī ʻo streptocarpus. Akā pū kekahi he mau pilikia maʻamau ko lākou - nā maʻi a me nā mea lele:
- Pākuʻi hina ma nā aʻa a me nā lau me ka nui o ka hoʻoinu a me nā kiko. ʻO Streptocarpus nā kamaʻāina o ka lepo maloʻo a maloʻo, he mea luku nā wai a me nā lepo kaumaha iā lākou. Hoʻohui i ka peat, perlite, sphagnum lumo i ka hui lepo. E mālama i nā ʻāpana mea kanu maʻi me kahi hopena o ke keleawe sulfate a me ke kopa potassium.
- Hoʻomaloʻo i nā lau, thrips (i ka ea maloʻo a me ke ana wela kiʻekiʻe). Koi ʻia nā lāʻau lapaʻau 2-3 i kēlā me kēia 5-7 lā me ka phytoverm a i ʻole ka acarin.
- Mite punawelewele ʻula. E mālama me nā haʻina waiwī a i ʻole fugicide. E kau i ka mea kanu maʻi i loko o kahi ʻeke ea a hoʻopaʻa paʻa iā ia no 1-2 mau lā, e hana hou ma hope o 7-10 mau lā. He ʻōlelo aʻoaʻo e hoʻokaʻawale i ka mea maʻi a mālama i nā mea kanu kokoke.
- Pauka pauka. Kūleʻa kēlā ʻano lapaʻau: acarin + wai mahana + zooshampoo no nā kikī. He mea pono e hoʻokō i ka hana ma waho o ka lumi hoʻokipa, ma ka pāpale, i loko o kahi lua me kahi ea maikaʻi (chemistry). Uhi ʻia nā mea kanu i hoʻopili nui ʻia me kahi kiʻi ʻoniʻoni i ʻole e hoʻolaha i nā spores me ka pauka pauda, a luku ʻia.
- Ma hope o ka hōʻike, koi ʻia e hoʻokō i ka lapaʻau me kahi hopena o fufunon i loko o ka wai mehana, no laila pono e hoʻū iho i ka ʻāpana o ka mea kanu i luna i ka hopena a e hoʻokuʻu i nā kulu i ka lepo.
- No ka prophylaxis, hoʻopili ʻia ka mālama ʻana o ka phytoverm i kēlā me kēia 4-6 pule.
Ma mua i loaʻa ma ka Panalāʻau ʻo Cape o ʻApelika Hema a noʻonoʻo i ko lākou homeland ma ʻApelika, Indochina a me Thailand, ua loaʻa mua ka streptocarpus ma ka honua holoʻokoʻa mahalo i nā mea ulu ʻohiʻohi.
ʻO Streptocarpus (Richelieu, Dimetris, a me nā mea ʻē aʻe) he ʻohana pili loa ia no ka uila violet a no ka ʻohana Gesneriaceae kekahi. Akā he ʻokoʻa ko lākou: mai ke axil o hoʻokahi lau o ka streptocarpus, ulu ʻo 6-10 peduncles, hoʻokahi wale nō ka viole.
He waiwai maikaʻi loa kā kēia mea kanu, hiki i ka hoʻoulu ʻana i nā ʻano hou, ka unpretentiousness a me ka pua pua.